महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-211, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
येन वृत्तेन वृत्तज्ञः स जगाम महत्सुखम् ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
yena vṛttena vṛttajñaḥ sa jagāma mahatsukham.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam yena vṛttena vṛttajñaḥ saḥ jagāma mahat sukham

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api imam purātanam itihāsam udāharanti
yena vṛttena vṛttajñaḥ saḥ mahat sukham jagāma

2. Bhishma said: "In this regard, they also narrate this ancient story (itihāsa) by means of which that wise one (vṛttajñaḥ) (Janaka) attained great happiness."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - in this regard (here, in this matter, on this point)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they narrate, they illustrate

• इमम् (imam) - this

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - ancient story (itihāsa) (history, legend, traditional account, story (itihāsa))

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

• येन (yena) - by which

• वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct, by way of life

• वृत्तज्ञः (vṛttajñaḥ) - that wise one (Janaka) (knower of conduct, wise in behavior)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Janaka) (he, that one)

• जगाम (jagāma) - attained, reached, went

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vad (class 1)

अत्र (atra) - in this regard (here, in this matter, on this point)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they narrate, they illustrate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - ancient story (itihāsa) (history, legend, traditional account, story (itihāsa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, traditional narrative

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former

Note: Agrees with 'itihāsam'

येन (yena) - by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttena'

वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct, by way of life

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt + kta

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वृत्तज्ञः (vṛttajñaḥ) - that wise one (Janaka) (knower of conduct, wise in behavior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛttajña

vṛttajña - one who knows conduct/behavior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtta+jña)

• vṛtta – conduct, behavior
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - he (Janaka) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जगाम (jagāma) - attained, reached, went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, ease