महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-12, verse-3

भीमः प्रियस्ते सर्वेभ्यो भ्रातृभ्यो भरतर्षभ ।
तं कृच्छ्रगतमद्य त्वं कस्मान्नाभ्यवपद्यसे ॥३॥

3. bhīmaḥ priyaste sarvebhyo bhrātṛbhyo bharatarṣabha ,
taṁ kṛcchragatamadya tvaṁ kasmānnābhyavapadyase.

3. bhīmaḥ priyaḥ te sarvebhyaḥ bhrātṛbhyaḥ bharatarṣabha
tam kṛcchragatam adya tvam kasmāt na abhyavapadyase

3. bharatarṣabha,
bhīmaḥ te sarvebhyaḥ bhrātṛbhyaḥ priyaḥ.
tvam adya kṛcchragatam tam kasmāt na abhyavapadyase?

3. O best among the Bharatas, Bhima is dearer to you than all (your) brothers. Why do you not come to his aid today, now that he has fallen into such distress?

Words meanings summery:

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The name of the second Pandava brother. (Bhima)

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

• ते (te) - to you, of you, your

• सर्वेभ्यः (sarvebhyaḥ) - to all, for all

• भ्रातृभ्यः (bhrātṛbhyaḥ) - to brothers, for brothers

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address to a descendant of Bharata (often Dhritarashtra or Yudhisthira in Mahabharata). (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhima. (him, that)

• कृच्छ्रगतम् (kṛcchragatam) - Referring to Bhima who is in a difficult situation. (fallen into difficulty/distress, afflicted by trouble)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason

• न (na) - not, no

• अभ्यवपद्यसे (abhyavapadyase) - In this context, 'help' or 'come to the aid of' is most appropriate. (you help, you approach, you fall upon)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - The name of the second Pandava brother. (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - fearful, terrible; a proper name (Bhima)

Root: bhī (class 3)

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, one's own

Root: prī (class 9)

ते (te) - to you, of you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: This is an enclitic form of the pronoun yuṣmad.

सर्वेभ्यः (sarvebhyaḥ) - to all, for all

(pronoun)

masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Used here in dative plural, agreeing with 'bhrātṛbhyaḥ'.

भ्रातृभ्यः (bhrātṛbhyaḥ) - to brothers, for brothers

(noun)

masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An address to a descendant of Bharata (often Dhritarashtra or Yudhisthira in Mahabharata). (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bharatas, best of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a name
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, pre-eminent
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhima. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine singular accusative of 'tad'.

कृच्छ्रगतम् (kṛcchragatam) - Referring to Bhima who is in a difficult situation. (fallen into difficulty/distress, afflicted by trouble)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛcchragata

kṛcchragata - gone into difficulty, distressed, afflicted

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+gata)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, trouble, pain, distress
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived at, obtained, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' with suffix '-ta'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Bhima).

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभ्यवपद्यसे (abhyavapadyase) - In this context, 'help' or 'come to the aid of' is most appropriate. (you help, you approach, you fall upon)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of abhyavapad

Present Active (Middle)

Present tense, second person singular, middle voice, from root 'pad' with upasargas 'abhi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: pad (class 4)