महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-12, verse-23

ततः सर्वबलेनापि यच्चैतन्न शशाक सः ।
उद्धर्तुं वा चालयितुं द्रौणिः परमदुर्मनाः ।
कृत्वा यत्नं परं श्रान्तः स न्यवर्तत भारत ॥२३॥

23. tataḥ sarvabalenāpi yaccaitanna śaśāka saḥ ,
uddhartuṁ vā cālayituṁ drauṇiḥ paramadurmanāḥ ,
kṛtvā yatnaṁ paraṁ śrāntaḥ sa nyavartata bhārata.

23. tataḥ sarvabalena api yat ca etat na
śaśāka saḥ uddhartum vā cālayitum
drauṇiḥ paramadurmanāḥ kṛtvā yatnam
param śrāntaḥ saḥ nyavartata bhārata

23. bhārata tataḥ drauṇiḥ paramadurmanāḥ
saḥ sarvabalena api yat ca etat na
uddhartum vā cālayitum śaśāka param
yatnam kṛtvā śrāntaḥ saḥ nyavartata

23. Then, even with all his might, Droṇa's son (Drauṇi), greatly disheartened, was unable to lift or move it. Having made a supreme effort and become exhausted, he turned back, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, from that, after that

• सर्वबलेन (sarvabalena) - by all might, with all strength

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter nominative singular)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एतत् (etat) - this, it (neuter nominative singular)

• न (na) - not, no

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able, he could

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

• उद्धार्तुम् (uddhārtum) - to lift, to raise

• वा (vā) - or, either

• चालयितुम् (cālayitum) - to move, to shake

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni, son of Drona

• परमदुर्मनाः (paramadurmanāḥ) - greatly disheartened, exceedingly dejected

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• परम् (param) - supreme, greatest, utmost

• श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - exhausted, tired

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he returned, he turned back

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address in the Mahābhārata, often referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, from that, after that

(indeclinable)

ablative adverbial form of 'tad'

सर्वबलेन (sarvabalena) - by all might, with all strength

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sarvabala

sarvabala - all strength, complete might

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bala)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• bala – strength, might, power
  noun (neuter)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, what

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this, it (neuter nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that, it

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able, he could

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

उद्धार्तुम् (uddhārtum) - to lift, to raise

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

चालयितुम् (cālayitum) - to move, to shake

(indeclinable)

infinitive (causative of cal)

Root: cal (class 10)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droni, son of Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Droni

परमदुर्मनाः (paramadurmanāḥ) - greatly disheartened, exceedingly dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadurmanas

paramadurmanas - greatly disheartened, exceedingly dejected

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+durmanas)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest
  adjective
• durmanas – dejected, disheartened, evil-minded
  adjective

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

परम् (param) - supreme, greatest, utmost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, greatest, excellent

श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - exhausted, tired

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - exhausted, tired, weary

past passive participle

Root: śram (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he returned, he turned back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of nivṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address in the Mahābhārata, often referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India