महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-78, verse-39

ययातिरुवाच ।
राज्यभाक्स भवेद्ब्रह्मन्पुण्यभाक्कीर्तिभाक्तथा ।
यो मे दद्याद्वयः पुत्रस्तद्भवाननुमन्यताम् ॥३९॥

39. yayātiruvāca ,
rājyabhāksa bhavedbrahmanpuṇyabhākkīrtibhāktathā ,
yo me dadyādvayaḥ putrastadbhavānanumanyatām.

39. yayātiḥ uvāca rājyabhāk saḥ bhavet brahman puṇyabhāk kīrtibhāk
tathā yaḥ me dadyāt vayaḥ putraḥ tat bhavān anumanvatām

39. Yayāti said: "O Brahmin, whichever son of mine gives me his youth, may he become a sharer of the kingdom, of merit, and of fame. May Your Honor grant approval for this."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राज्यभाक् (rājyabhāk) - partaker of the kingdom, ruler of the kingdom

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, he should be

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Śukra as a Brahmin. (O Brahmin, O holy one)

• पुण्यभाक् (puṇyabhāk) - partaker of merit, virtuous

• कीर्तिभाक् (kīrtibhāk) - partaker of fame, famous

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever (masculine)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - may give, should give

• वयः (vayaḥ) - age, youth

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the preceding proposal about the son who would give his youth. (that, therefore)

• भवान् (bhavān) - Polite address to Śukra. (Your Honor, you (polite address))

• अनुमन्वताम् (anumanvatām) - may he approve, let him consent

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayāti (a legendary king, son of Nahuṣa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd singular perfect active of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

राज्यभाक् (rājyabhāk) - partaker of the kingdom, ruler of the kingdom

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājyabhāj

rājyabhāj - partaking of a kingdom, ruler of a kingdom

compound 'rājya-bhāj' (kingdom-partaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+bhāj)

• rājya – kingdom, royalty, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• bhāj – partaker, sharer, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from √bhuj (to enjoy, partake)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Acts as a predicate.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ putraḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - may he be, he should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

3rd singular optative active of √bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses wish/command.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Śukra as a Brahmin. (O Brahmin, O holy one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, prayer, sacred text, Absolute Reality

पुण्यभाक् (puṇyabhāk) - partaker of merit, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇyabhāj

puṇyabhāj - partaking of merit, virtuous

compound 'puṇya-bhāj' (merit-partaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṇya+bhāj)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, auspicious, good
  noun (neuter)
• bhāj – partaker, sharer, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from √bhuj (to enjoy, partake)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate adjective.

कीर्तिभाक् (kīrtibhāk) - partaker of fame, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtibhāj

kīrtibhāj - partaking of fame, famous

compound 'kīrti-bhāj' (fame-partaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kīrti+bhāj)

• kīrti – fame, renown, glory
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kīrt (class 10)
• bhāj – partaker, sharer, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from √bhuj (to enjoy, partake)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate adjective.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction/adverb.

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of dative/genitive for 'asmad'. Here dative 'to me'.

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - may give, should give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā

Optative Active

3rd singular optative active of √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses condition/wish.

वयः (vayaḥ) - age, youth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, youth, vigor

Note: Object of 'dadyāt'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

Note: Subject agreeing with 'yaḥ'.

तत् (tat) - Referring to the preceding proposal about the son who would give his youth. (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, therefore

Note: Referring to the preceding proposal.

भवान् (bhavān) - Polite address to Śukra. (Your Honor, you (polite address))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - Your Honor, you, respectful address

Present Active Participle

Masculine nominative singular of present active participle of √bhū (to be), used as a pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Polite address, takes 3rd person verb.

अनुमन्वताम् (anumanvatām) - may he approve, let him consent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of anuman

Imperative Middle

3rd singular imperative middle of √man (to think, approve) with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Expresses polite request/command.