महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-78, verse-35

शुक्र उवाच ।
नन्वहं प्रत्यवेक्ष्यस्ते मदधीनोऽसि पार्थिव ।
मिथ्याचारस्य धर्मेषु चौर्यं भवति नाहुष ॥३५॥

35. śukra uvāca ,
nanvahaṁ pratyavekṣyaste madadhīno'si pārthiva ,
mithyācārasya dharmeṣu cauryaṁ bhavati nāhuṣa.

35. śukraḥ uvāca | nanu aham pratyavekṣye te mat-adhīnaḥ asi
pārthiva | mithyācārasya dharmeṣu cauryam bhavati nāhuṣa

35. Śukra said: "Indeed, I should examine you, O king, for you are under my control. For one who acts wrongly in matters of dharma, O son of Nahuṣa, it amounts to theft."

Words meanings summery:

• शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Śukra (name of the preceptor of the Dānavas)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely, is it not?

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रत्यवेक्ष्ये (pratyavekṣye) - I shall examine, I should examine

• ते (te) - your (case/conduct), or for you (to examine) (to you, for you, your)

• मत्-अधीनः (mat-adhīnaḥ) - dependent on me, under my control

• असि (asi) - you are

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Yayāti (O king, O ruler of the earth)

• मिथ्याचारस्य (mithyācārasya) - of one who acts wrongly, of one with false conduct

• धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in matters of dharma, in religious duties

• चौर्यम् (cauryam) - theft, stealing

• भवति (bhavati) - amounts to (becomes, is, happens)

• नाहुष (nāhuṣa) - Addressing Yayāti (O son of Nahuṣa)

Words meanings and morphology

शुक्रः (śukraḥ) - Śukra (name of the preceptor of the Dānavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śukra

śukra - bright, clear; name of the preceptor of the Daityas (Dānavas)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Root vac, perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

ननु (nanu) - indeed, surely, is it not?

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

प्रत्यवेक्ष्ये (pratyavekṣye) - I shall examine, I should examine

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of pratyavekṣ

future tense, 1st person singular

Root īkṣ with upasargas prati-ava.

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ते (te) - your (case/conduct), or for you (to examine) (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be genitive.

मत्-अधीनः (mat-adhīnaḥ) - dependent on me, under my control

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mat-adhīna

mat-adhīna - dependent on me, subject to me

Tatpuruṣa compound of mat (from asmad) and adhīna.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+adhīna)

• mat – me, my (ablative/genitive from asmad)
  pronoun
• adhīna – dependent, subject, under control
  adjective (masculine)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present tense, 2nd person singular

Root as.

Root: as (class 2)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressing Yayāti (O king, O ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal; a king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

मिथ्याचारस्य (mithyācārasya) - of one who acts wrongly, of one with false conduct

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mithyācāra

mithyācāra - false conduct, wrong action; one whose conduct is wrong

Tatpuruṣa compound of mithyā and ācāra.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mithyā+ācāra)

• mithyā – falsely, wrongly, incorrectly
  indeclinable
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root car with upasarga ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in matters of dharma, in religious duties

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, religion, virtue

चौर्यम् (cauryam) - theft, stealing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of caurya

caurya - theft, stealing, robbery

Derived from cora (thief).

भवति (bhavati) - amounts to (becomes, is, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present tense, 3rd person singular

Root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नाहुष (nāhuṣa) - Addressing Yayāti (O son of Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nāhuṣa

nāhuṣa - descendant of Nahuṣa; an epithet for Yayāti

Patronymic derived from Nahuṣa.