महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-78, verse-18

मदधीना सती कस्मादकार्षीर्विप्रियं मम ।
तमेवासुरधर्मं त्वमास्थिता न बिभेषि किम् ॥१८॥

18. madadhīnā satī kasmādakārṣīrvipriyaṁ mama ,
tamevāsuradharmaṁ tvamāsthitā na bibheṣi kim.

18. madadhīnā satī kasmāt akārṣīḥ vipriyam mama tam
eva asuradharmam tvam āsthitā na bibheṣi kim

18. Being under my authority, why did you do something so displeasing to me? Are you not afraid, having resorted to that very demonic nature?

Words meanings summery:

• मदधीना (madadhīnā) - dependent on me, under my control

• सती (satī) - being, existing

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason

• अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - you did, you made

• विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - disagreeable, unpleasant thing

• मम (mama) - my, to me

• तम् (tam) - that

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, very

• असुरधर्मम् (asuradharmam) - demonic nature, the dharma of asuras

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• आस्थिता (āsthitā) - having resorted to, having adopted, established

• न (na) - not

• बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear

• किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, what

Words meanings and morphology

मदधीना (madadhīnā) - dependent on me, under my control

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of madadhīna

madadhīna - dependent on me, under my control

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+adhīna)

• mat – my, me
  pronoun
• adhīna – dependent, subordinate, subject to
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

सती (satī) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

Root: as (class 2)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'.

अकार्षीः (akārṣīḥ) - you did, you made

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of akārṣīḥ

Aorist tense form

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - disagreeable, unpleasant thing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipriya

vipriya - disagreeable, unpleasant, hostile, enemy

Negative of 'priya' (dear, pleasing)

Note: Used as a substantive.

मम (mama) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also function as dative.

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

एव (eva) - only, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

असुरधर्मम् (asuradharmam) - demonic nature, the dharma of asuras

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asuradharma

asuradharma - the nature/dharma of asuras (demons), demonic conduct

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asura+dharma)

• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – righteous conduct, duty, law, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आस्थिता (āsthitā) - having resorted to, having adopted, established

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - resorted to, adopted, undertaken, established

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

बिभेषि (bibheṣi) - you fear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bibheṣi

Present tense form

Root: bhī (class 3)

किम् (kim) - interrogative particle, what

(indeclinable)