महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-1, chapter-78, verse-19
शर्मिष्ठोवाच ।
यदुक्तमृषिरित्येव तत्सत्यं चारुहासिनि ।
न्यायतो धर्मतश्चैव चरन्ती न बिभेमि ते ॥१९॥
यदुक्तमृषिरित्येव तत्सत्यं चारुहासिनि ।
न्यायतो धर्मतश्चैव चरन्ती न बिभेमि ते ॥१९॥
19. śarmiṣṭhovāca ,
yaduktamṛṣirityeva tatsatyaṁ cāruhāsini ,
nyāyato dharmataścaiva carantī na bibhemi te.
yaduktamṛṣirityeva tatsatyaṁ cāruhāsini ,
nyāyato dharmataścaiva carantī na bibhemi te.
19.
śarmiṣṭhā uvāca yat uktam ṛṣiḥ iti eva tat satyam
cāruhāsini nyāyataḥ dharmataḥ ca eva carantī na bibhemi te
cāruhāsini nyāyataḥ dharmataḥ ca eva carantī na bibhemi te
19.
Sharmishtha replied: "What the sage declared, O fair-smiling one, is indeed the truth. Acting righteously and in accordance with dharma, I do not fear you."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha
- उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke, she said
- यत् (yat) - what, which
- उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said
- ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage
- इति (iti) - thus, so
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, very
- तत् (tat) - that
- सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, true
- चारुहासिनि (cāruhāsini) - Addressed to Devayani. (O lady with a beautiful smile, O fair-smiling one)
- न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - justly, according to justice
- धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - righteously, according to dharma
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, very
- चरन्ती (carantī) - acting, behaving, moving (feminine)
- न (na) - not
- बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I fear
- ते (te) - you (genitive/dative)
Words meanings and morphology
शर्मिष्ठा (śarmiṣṭhā) - Sharmishtha
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śarmiṣṭhā
śarmiṣṭhā - Sharmishtha (name of a princess)
उवाच (uvāca) - she spoke, she said
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca
Perfect tense form
Root: vac (class 2)
यत् (yat) - what, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
Note: Can be accusative as well, depending on context.
उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta
ukta - spoken, said, declared
Past Passive Participle
Root: vac (class 2)
ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi
ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet
इति (iti) - thus, so
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, very
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - that
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, those
सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, true
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of satya
satya - truth, true, real, sincere
Note: Also functions as an adjective meaning 'true'.
चारुहासिनि (cāruhāsini) - Addressed to Devayani. (O lady with a beautiful smile, O fair-smiling one)
(adjective)
Vocative, feminine, singular of cāruhāsinī
cāruhāsinī - one with a beautiful smile (feminine)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cāru+hāsa)
- cāru – beautiful, lovely, agreeable
adjective - hāsa – smile, laughter
noun (masculine)
Root: has (class 1)
न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - justly, according to justice
(indeclinable)
Derived from 'nyāya' (justice, rule) with the suffix '-tas'.
धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - righteously, according to dharma
(indeclinable)
Derived from 'dharma' (dharma, righteousness) with the suffix '-tas'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, very
(indeclinable)
चरन्ती (carantī) - acting, behaving, moving (feminine)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of carant
carant - moving, acting, behaving
Present Active Participle
Root: car (class 1)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I fear
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bibhemi
Present tense form
Root: bhī (class 3)
ते (te) - you (genitive/dative)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Can be genitive 'of you' or dative 'to you'.