महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-160, verse-32

तां च दृष्ट्वैव कल्याणीं कल्याणाभिजनो नृपः ।
जगाम मनसा चिन्तां काममार्गणपीडितः ॥३२॥

32. tāṁ ca dṛṣṭvaiva kalyāṇīṁ kalyāṇābhijano nṛpaḥ ,
jagāma manasā cintāṁ kāmamārgaṇapīḍitaḥ.

32. tām ca dṛṣṭvā eva kalyāṇīm kalyāṇābhijanaḥ
nṛpaḥ jagāma manasā cintām kāmamārgaṇapīḍitaḥ

32. And immediately upon seeing that beautiful maiden, the king of noble lineage became deeply absorbed in thought, tormented by the arrows of love (kāma).

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, immediately

• कल्याणीम् (kalyāṇīm) - the beautiful, auspicious, virtuous one

• कल्याणाभिजनः (kalyāṇābhijanaḥ) - of auspicious lineage, of noble birth

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

• जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he attained, he fell into

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind, mentally

• चिन्ताम् (cintām) - thought, reflection, worry

• काममार्गणपीडितः (kāmamārgaṇapīḍitaḥ) - tormented by the arrows of love (kāma)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her

Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular.

Note: Refers to the maiden.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects this verse to preceding events.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, immediately

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

कल्याणीम् (kalyāṇīm) - the beautiful, auspicious, virtuous one

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kalyāṇī

kalyāṇī - beautiful, auspicious, excellent, virtuous (feminine)

Feminine form of kalyāṇa.

Note: Modifies the object 'tām' (the maiden).

कल्याणाभिजनः (kalyāṇābhijanaḥ) - of auspicious lineage, of noble birth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalyāṇābhijana

kalyāṇābhijana - of auspicious/noble lineage/birth

Bahuvrīhi compound: kalyāṇa (auspicious, noble) + abhijana (lineage).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kalyāṇa+abhijana)

• kalyāṇa – auspicious, fortunate, beautiful, noble
  noun (neuter)
• abhijana – lineage, noble birth, family, race
  noun (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies the subject, the king.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector, from root pā).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the main verb 'jagāma'.

जगाम (jagāma) - he went, he attained, he fell into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of gam

Perfect tense

3rd person singular active perfect of the root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, consciousness

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The instrument by which the king fell into thought.

चिन्ताम् (cintām) - thought, reflection, worry

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, reflection, consideration, worry

From root cit (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jagāma', forming the idiom 'fell into thought'.

काममार्गणपीडितः (kāmamārgaṇapīḍitaḥ) - tormented by the arrows of love (kāma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmamārgaṇapīḍita

kāmamārgaṇapīḍita - tormented/afflicted by the arrows of love (kāma)

Tatpuruṣa compound: kāma (love) + mārgaṇa (arrow) + pīḍita (tormented).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+mārgaṇa+pīḍita)

• kāma – love, desire, Cupid
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• mārgaṇa – seeking, searching, request; arrow
  noun (neuter)
  From root mṛg (to seek).
  Root: mṛg (class 10)
• pīḍita – tormented, afflicted, oppressed, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root pīḍ (to oppress, torment).
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Modifies the subject, the king.