महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-160, verse-19

स सोममति कान्तत्वादादित्यमति तेजसा ।
बभूव नृपतिः श्रीमान्सुहृदां दुर्हृदामपि ॥१९॥

19. sa somamati kāntatvādādityamati tejasā ,
babhūva nṛpatiḥ śrīmānsuhṛdāṁ durhṛdāmapi.

19. saḥ somam ati kāntatvāt ādityam ati tejasā
babhūva nṛpatiḥ śrīmān suhṛdām durhṛdām api

19. He surpassed the moon in charm and the sun in splendor, becoming a glorious king, (beloved) by friends and even by enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Saṃvaraṇa. (he, that)

• सोमम् (somam) - the moon, Soma (a deity or plant)

• अति (ati) - exceeding, beyond, very

• कान्तत्वात् (kāntatvāt) - from loveliness, due to charm

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun, son of Aditi

• अति (ati) - exceeding, beyond, very

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, with radiance, by power

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, lord of men

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, fortunate

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, well-wishers

• दुर्हृदाम् (durhṛdām) - of enemies, ill-wishers

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Saṃvaraṇa. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सोमम् (somam) - the moon, Soma (a deity or plant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - the moon, Soma (plant/drink/deity)

Note: Object of comparison.

अति (ati) - exceeding, beyond, very

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Adverb

Note: Used here with an accusative object, signifying 'surpassing'.

कान्तत्वात् (kāntatvāt) - from loveliness, due to charm

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāntatva

kāntatva - loveliness, charm, beauty

Derived from 'kānta' (lovely) + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Indicates the reason for surpassing.

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun, son of Aditi

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, son of Aditi

Note: Object of comparison.

अति (ati) - exceeding, beyond, very

(indeclinable)

Preposition/Adverb

Note: Used here with an accusative object, signifying 'surpassing'.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, with radiance, by power

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, radiance, power, energy

Note: Indicates the means of surpassing.

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Active Third Singular

From root 'bhū' (1st class) + Perfect tense (liṭ) + parasmaipada + Third Person Singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, lord of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pati' (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'saḥ'.

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, fortunate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, beautiful, prosperous, fortunate

From 'śrī' (glory, beauty, prosperity) + possessive suffix 'mat'

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpatiḥ'.

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends, well-wishers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Compound of 'su' (good) and 'hṛd' (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

दुर्हृदाम् (durhṛdām) - of enemies, ill-wishers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of durhṛd

durhṛd - enemy, ill-wisher

Compound of 'dur' (bad) and 'hṛd' (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+hṛd)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that he was beloved by enemies too.