महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-160, verse-18

यथार्चयन्ति चादित्यमुद्यन्तं ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
तथा संवरणं पार्थ ब्राह्मणावरजाः प्रजाः ॥१८॥

18. yathārcayanti cādityamudyantaṁ brahmavādinaḥ ,
tathā saṁvaraṇaṁ pārtha brāhmaṇāvarajāḥ prajāḥ.

18. yathā arcayanti ca ādityam udyantam brahmavādinaḥ
tathā saṃvaraṇam pārtha brāhmaṇāvarajāḥ prajāḥ

18. Just as the knowers of Brahman worship the rising sun, similarly, O Pārtha, people including Brahmins and those of lower classes honor Saṃvaraṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

• अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - they worship, they honor

• च (ca) - and, also

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun, son of Aditi

• उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising, ascending

• ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - knowers of Brahman, theologians, those who speak of sacred texts

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that manner

• संवरणम् (saṁvaraṇam) - King Saṃvaraṇa (Saṃvaraṇa)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• ब्राह्मणावरजाः (brāhmaṇāvarajāḥ) - those born after Brahmins, including Brahmins and lower classes

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, offspring

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - they worship, they honor

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arc

Present Active Third Plural

From root arc (1st class) + Present tense + parasmaipada + Third Person Plural

Root: arc (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun, son of Aditi

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, son of Aditi

Note: Object of worship/honor.

उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising, ascending

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyat

udyat - rising, ascending

Present Active Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ud' (up)

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'ādityam'.

ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - knowers of Brahman, theologians, those who speak of sacred texts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavādin

brahmavādin - knower of Brahman, theologian, one who speaks of sacred knowledge

Compound of 'brahman' (sacred knowledge/Brahman) and 'vādin' (speaker)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+vādin)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Veda, Brahman
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, one who says
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'vad' (to speak) + suffix 'in'
  Root: vad (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that manner

(indeclinable)

संवरणम् (saṁvaraṇam) - King Saṃvaraṇa (Saṃvaraṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvaraṇa

saṁvaraṇa - Saṃvaraṇa (name of a king)

Note: Object of worship/honor.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

ब्राह्मणावरजाः (brāhmaṇāvarajāḥ) - those born after Brahmins, including Brahmins and lower classes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇāvaraja

brāhmaṇāvaraja - born after Brahmins, including Brahmins and lower classes

Compound of 'brāhmaṇa' and 'avaraja', denoting a range from high to low classes. Literally, 'those born after the Brahmins', implying all other castes.

Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+avaraja)

• brāhmaṇa – a Brahmin, related to Brahman
  noun (masculine)
• avaraja – born after, younger brother, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
  From prefix 'ava' (down, after) + root 'jan' (to be born)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'prajāḥ'.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, offspring

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, offspring