योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-213, verse-12

यत्तु वस्तुत एवास्ति न कदाचन किंचन ।
तदभावात्म तद्राम कथं नाम विनश्यति ॥ १२ ॥

yattu vastuta evāsti na kadācana kiṃcana ,
tadabhāvātma tadrāma kathaṃ nāma vinaśyati 12

12. yat tu vastutaḥ eva asti na kadācana kiṃcana
tat abhāvātma tat rāma katham nāma vinaśyati

12. yat tu vastutaḥ eva asti,
tat kadācana kiṃcana (na bhavati); rāma,
abhāvātma tat katham nāma vinaśyati?

12. But that which truly exists (vastutaḥ) is never (subject to) anything (perishable) at any time. O Rama, how can that whose nature is the absence of (perishing or transient) existence (abhāvātman) ever perish?

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Referring to that which truly exists. (which, what, that)

• तु (tu) - Null, functions as a conjunction. (but, indeed, however)

• वस्तुतः (vastutaḥ) - truly, really, in reality

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• कदाचन (kadācana) - Null (strengthens negation). (never, at no time, by no means)

• किंचन (kiṁcana) - In a negative context, "not anything perishable" or "nothing at all." (anything, something, whatever)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'that which truly exists' (yat) mentioned earlier. (that, that one)

• अभावात्म (abhāvātma) - Whose nature is the absence of (transient) existence or perishing. (whose nature is non-existence, whose nature is non-perishing)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'that which truly exists' (yat) mentioned earlier. (that, that one)

• राम (rāma) - Null (vocative, addressing the listener). (Rama (proper noun))

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what way, why

• नाम (nāma) - Used as an emphatic particle in interrogative sentences. (indeed, by name, for instance)

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Referring to that which truly exists. (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun.

तु (tu) - Null, functions as a conjunction. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

वस्तुतः (vastutaḥ) - truly, really, in reality

(indeclinable)

From vastū (thing, reality) with suffix -tas

Note: Adverbial use.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

From Dhatu as (to be) Class 2

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

कदाचन (kadācana) - Null (strengthens negation). (never, at no time, by no means)

(indeclinable)

From kadā (when) + cana (emphasizing particle)

किंचन (kiṁcana) - In a negative context, "not anything perishable" or "nothing at all." (anything, something, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcana

kiṁcana - anything, something, whatever

From kim (what) + cana (emphasizing particle)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'that which truly exists' (yat) mentioned earlier. (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

अभावात्म (abhāvātma) - Whose nature is the absence of (transient) existence or perishing. (whose nature is non-existence, whose nature is non-perishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhāvātman

abhāvātman - whose nature is non-existence, having the nature of non-existence, whose self is non-existence

Compound of 'abhāva' (non-existence) and 'ātman' (self/nature). Interpreted in context as 'whose nature is non-perishing' or 'whose nature is the absence of perishing'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhāva+ātman)

• abhāva – non-being, non-existence, absence
  noun (masculine)
  Negation of bhāva (existence)
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound, refers to 'tat'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the 'that which truly exists' (yat) mentioned earlier. (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

राम (rāma) - Null (vocative, addressing the listener). (Rama (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, an incarnation of Viṣṇu)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what way, why

(indeclinable)

Note: An interrogative adverb.

नाम (nāma) - Used as an emphatic particle in interrogative sentences. (indeed, by name, for instance)

(indeclinable)

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vināś

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

From root naś (to perish) with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)