योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-80, verse-25

पूर्वमेवासि नासीस्त्वं संप्रत्येव शठं जगत् ।
न भविष्यसि चेदानीं वेताल किं न लज्जसे ॥ २५ ॥

pūrvamevāsi nāsīstvaṃ saṃpratyeva śaṭhaṃ jagat ,
na bhaviṣyasi cedānīṃ vetāla kiṃ na lajjase 25

25. pūrvam eva āsi na āsīḥ tvam samprati eva śaṭham
jagat na bhaviṣyasi ca idānīm vetāla kim na lajjase

25. vetāla tvam pūrvam eva na āsīḥ.
samprati eva jagat śaṭham (karoṣi).
idānīm ca na bhaviṣyasi.
kim na lajjase

25. You did not exist before, and just now the world (jagat) is deceitful due to you. You will not exist hereafter. O vetāla, why are you not ashamed?

Words meanings summery:

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Indicating a past time, 'in the beginning' or 'prior to now'. (before, formerly, previously)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word 'pūrvam', meaning 'just before'. (indeed, only, just, quite)

• आसि (āsi) - Second person singular imperfect of 'to be', indicating past existence. (you were)

• न (na) - Negates the verb 'āsīḥ', meaning 'you were not'. (not, no)

• आसीः (āsīḥ) - Second person singular imperfect of 'to be', indicating past existence. (you were)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Subject of the verb, referring to the `vetāla` (mind). (you)

• सम्प्रति (samprati) - Indicating the present time. (now, at present, currently)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the present time, 'just now'. (indeed, only, just, quite)

• शठम् (śaṭham) - Describes the world as deceitful or the mind as a deceiver, making the world seem deceitful. (rogue, deceiver, wicked)

• जगत् (jagat) - The phenomenal world, described as deceitful. (world, universe, that which moves)

• न (na) - Negates the verb 'bhaviṣyasi', meaning 'you will not be'. (not, no)

• भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - Second person singular future of 'to be', indicating future existence. (you will be)

• च (ca) - Connects the clause about future non-existence to the preceding statements. (and, also, moreover)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - Here implies 'hereafter' or 'in the future' in context of 'you will not be'. (now, at this time)

• वेताल (vetāla) - Vocative, addressing the mind, which is compared to a `vetāla` (a mythical being, typically a corpse animated by a spirit). (O vetāla (a type of demon or goblin))

• किम् (kim) - Used as an interrogative adverb, 'why?'. (what? why?)

• लज्जसे (lajjase) - Second person singular present middle, implying a lack of shame in the `vetāla` (mind). (you are ashamed)

Words meanings and morphology

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - Indicating a past time, 'in the beginning' or 'prior to now'. (before, formerly, previously)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, meaning 'previously'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding word 'pūrvam', meaning 'just before'. (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

आसि (āsi) - Second person singular imperfect of 'to be', indicating past existence. (you were)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

L-aṅ, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - Negates the verb 'āsīḥ', meaning 'you were not'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

आसीः (āsīḥ) - Second person singular imperfect of 'to be', indicating past existence. (you were)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

L-aṅ, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Often used interchangeably with 'āsi' for 2nd singular imperfect. The 'ḥ' sandhi form is common before 'tvam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - Subject of the verb, referring to the `vetāla` (mind). (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

सम्प्रति (samprati) - Indicating the present time. (now, at present, currently)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the present time, 'just now'. (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

शठम् (śaṭham) - Describes the world as deceitful or the mind as a deceiver, making the world seem deceitful. (rogue, deceiver, wicked)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaṭha

śaṭha - rogue, cheat, dishonest, wicked, artful

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - The phenomenal world, described as deceitful. (world, universe, that which moves)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, people, that which moves

From root 'gam' (to go) with reduplication and -at suffix, literally 'that which moves'.

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - Negates the verb 'bhaviṣyasi', meaning 'you will not be'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - Second person singular future of 'to be', indicating future existence. (you will be)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future

L-ṛṭ, 2nd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - Connects the clause about future non-existence to the preceding statements. (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - Here implies 'hereafter' or 'in the future' in context of 'you will not be'. (now, at this time)

(indeclinable)

वेताल (vetāla) - Vocative, addressing the mind, which is compared to a `vetāla` (a mythical being, typically a corpse animated by a spirit). (O vetāla (a type of demon or goblin))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vetāla

vetāla - a demon, goblin, a ghost inhabiting a corpse

किम् (kim) - Used as an interrogative adverb, 'why?'. (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

लज्जसे (lajjase) - Second person singular present middle, implying a lack of shame in the `vetāla` (mind). (you are ashamed)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of lajj

Present

L-aṭ, 2nd person singular, ātmanepada

Root: lajj (class 1)

Note: Middle voice verb, indicating the action affects the subject.