योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-72, verse-31

असत्यमेवासत्यं हि सत्यं सत्यं सदेव हि ।
सत्यासत्यमसद्विद्धि तदर्थं किं नु मुह्यसि ॥ ३१ ॥

asatyamevāsatyaṃ hi satyaṃ satyaṃ sadeva hi ,
satyāsatyamasadviddhi tadarthaṃ kiṃ nu muhyasi 31

31. asatyam eva asatyam hi satyam satyam sat eva hi |
satyāsatyam asat viddhi tat artham kim nu muhyasi

31. asatyam eva hi asatyam.
satyam satyam hi sat eva.
satyāsatyam asat viddhi.
tat artham kim nu muhyasi?

31. Indeed, the unreal is truly unreal. The real is truly existent. Know that which is a mixture of real and unreal to be non-existent. For that reason, why then are you deluded?

Words meanings summery:

• असत्यम् (asatyam) - the unreal (non-existent, unreal, false)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• असत्यम् (asatyam) - unreal (non-existent, unreal, false)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, because)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - the real (truth) (existent, real, true)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - existent, real (existent, real, true)

• सत् (sat) - existent (existent, real, true, being)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, because)

• सत्यासत्यम् (satyāsatyam) - that which is a mixture of real and unreal (mixture of real and unreal, truth and untruth)

• असत् (asat) - non-existent (non-existent, unreal, false)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (it to be) (know, understand)

• तत् (tat) - that (reason) (that, it)

• अर्थम् (artham) - for that reason (purpose, meaning, sake, object)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, how)

• नु (nu) - then (now, then, indeed, surely)

• मुह्यसि (muhyasi) - you are deluded (you are deluded, bewildered, confused)

Words meanings and morphology

असत्यम् (asatyam) - the unreal (non-existent, unreal, false)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root as (to be) with negative prefix a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, true, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively.

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

असत्यम् (asatyam) - unreal (non-existent, unreal, false)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root as (to be) with negative prefix a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, true, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively; predicate nominative.

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सत्यम् (satyam) - the real (truth) (existent, real, true)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good, being

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively.

सत्यम् (satyam) - existent, real (existent, real, true)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good, being

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively; predicate nominative.

सत् (sat) - existent (existent, real, true, being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good, being

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively, referring to reality itself.

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सत्यासत्यम् (satyāsatyam) - that which is a mixture of real and unreal (mixture of real and unreal, truth and untruth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satyāsatya

satyāsatya - truth and untruth, real and unreal (mixed), contradictory

Compound type : dvandva (satya+asatya)

• satya – truth, real, true
  noun (neuter)
• asatya – untruth, unreal, false
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: a

Note: Object of `viddhi`.

असत् (asat) - non-existent (non-existent, unreal, false)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root as (to be) with negative prefix a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, true, being
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Predicate accusative to `satyāsatyam`, indicating the result of knowing.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (it to be) (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Imperative (lot) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (reason) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, such

अर्थम् (artham) - for that reason (purpose, meaning, sake, object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, cause

Note: Often functions adverbially when combined with a pronoun (e.g., `tadartham`).

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, how)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb.

नु (nu) - then (now, then, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative or emphatic particle.

मुह्यसि (muhyasi) - you are deluded (you are deluded, bewildered, confused)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Present Indicative (lat) of muh

Root: muh (class 4)