योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-48

योऽन्तःशीतलया बुद्ध्या रागद्वेषविमुक्तया ।
साक्षिवत्पश्यतीदं हि जीवितं तस्य राजते ॥ ४८ ॥

yo'ntaḥśītalayā buddhyā rāgadveṣavimuktayā ,
sākṣivatpaśyatīdaṃ hi jīvitaṃ tasya rājate 48

48. yaḥ antaḥśītalayā buddhyā rāgadveṣavimuktayā
sākṣivat paśyati idam hi jīvitam tasya rājate

48. yaḥ antaḥśītalayā rāgadveṣavimuktayā buddhyā
idam sākṣivat hi paśyati tasya jīvitam rājate

48. Indeed, for the one who sees this world as a mere witness with an inwardly calm intellect that is free from attachment and aversion, his life is truly glorious.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who

• अन्तःशीतलया (antaḥśītalayā) - by an inwardly cool, by an internally calm

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect, by understanding

• रागद्वेषविमुक्तया (rāgadveṣavimuktayā) - by one free from attachment and aversion

• साक्षिवत् (sākṣivat) - like a witness, as a witness

• पश्यति (paśyati) - he sees, perceives

• इदम् (idam) - this world/phenomenal reality (this, this world, this reality)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, because)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him

• राजते (rājate) - it shines, it is splendid, it is fitting

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

अन्तःशीतलया (antaḥśītalayā) - by an inwardly cool, by an internally calm

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of antaḥśītalā

antaḥśītalā - inwardly cool, internally calm

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'inwardly' (antas) modifying 'cool' (śītalā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antas+śītalā)

• antas – within, inside, inwardly
  indeclinable
• śītalā – cool, calm, cold
  adjective (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'buddhyā'.

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception, intelligence

action noun

From root budh (to know, perceive) + ti suffix.

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Instrument of seeing.

रागद्वेषविमुक्तया (rāgadveṣavimuktayā) - by one free from attachment and aversion

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rāgadveṣavimuktā

rāgadveṣavimuktā - free from attachment and aversion

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'from which attachment and aversion are liberated/released'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rāga+dveṣa+vimukta)

• rāga – attachment, passion, desire
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root rañj (to color, delight) + ghañ suffix.
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• dveṣa – aversion, hatred, dislike
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root dviṣ (to hate) + ghañ suffix.
  Root: dviṣ (class 2)
• vimukta – liberated, released, free from
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi- + root muc (to release) + kta suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'buddhyā'.

साक्षिवत् (sākṣivat) - like a witness, as a witness

(indeclinable)

The 'vat' suffix (adverbial sense) means 'like a witness'.

Note: Adverbial derivative.

पश्यति (paśyati) - he sees, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dṛś

Present stem paśya- from root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this world/phenomenal reality (this, this world, this reality)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this world, this reality, it

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, vitality

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root jīv (to live) + kta suffix.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Note: Refers to the person described in the first part of the verse.

राजते (rājate) - it shines, it is splendid, it is fitting

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of rāj

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

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