योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-39, verse-40

यस्य तृष्णाः प्रभञ्जन्ति हृदयं हृतभावनाः ।
प्ररोहमिव गर्धेभ्यो मरणं तस्य राजते ॥ ४० ॥

yasya tṛṣṇāḥ prabhañjanti hṛdayaṃ hṛtabhāvanāḥ ,
prarohamiva gardhebhyo maraṇaṃ tasya rājate 40

40. yasya tṛṣṇāḥ prabhañjanti hṛdayam hṛtabhāvanāḥ
praroham iva gardhebhyaḥ maraṇam tasya rājate

40. yasya hṛtabhāvanāḥ tṛṣṇāḥ gardhebhyaḥ praroham iva hṛdayam prabhañjanti,
tasya maraṇam rājate

40. For him whose cravings, having stolen away his thoughts, shatter his heart like new shoots springing from intense attachment, for such a one, death is glorious.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, of whom, for whom)

• तृष्णाः (tṛṣṇāḥ) - cravings (cravings, desires, thirst)

• प्रभञ्जन्ति (prabhañjanti) - shatter (they shatter, break, destroy)

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart (heart, mind, core)

• हृतभावनाः (hṛtabhāvanāḥ) - having stolen his thoughts (whose thoughts are stolen, having stolen thoughts, seized by thoughts)

• प्ररोहम् (praroham) - new shoots (sprout, shoot, growth, new growth)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• गर्धेभ्यः (gardhebhyaḥ) - from intense attachment (from greed, for greedy people, from covetousness)

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him, for him)

• राजते (rājate) - is glorious (shines, is brilliant, is glorious, rules)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, of whom, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, whoever

Note: Genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'yad'.

तृष्णाः (tṛṣṇāḥ) - cravings (cravings, desires, thirst)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, desire, craving

From root tṛṣ (to be thirsty)

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

प्रभञ्जन्ति (prabhañjanti) - shatter (they shatter, break, destroy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhañj

Present tense, third person, plural, active voice

Root bhañj (bhāñj) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart (heart, mind, core)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

हृतभावनाः (hṛtabhāvanāḥ) - having stolen his thoughts (whose thoughts are stolen, having stolen thoughts, seized by thoughts)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hṛtabhāvanā

hṛtabhāvanā - whose thoughts/feelings are stolen/carried away

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛta+bhāvanā)

• hṛta – taken, carried away, stolen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛ
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• bhāvanā – thought, feeling, mental state, imagination
  noun (feminine)

प्ररोहम् (praroham) - new shoots (sprout, shoot, growth, new growth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praroha

praroha - sprout, shoot, growth, production

From pra- + √ruh (to grow)

Prefix: pra

Root: ruh (class 1)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

गर्धेभ्यः (gardhebhyaḥ) - from intense attachment (from greed, for greedy people, from covetousness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of gardha

gardha - greed, covetousness, eagerness, intense desire

From root gṛdh (to be greedy)

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Can also be dative plural, but ablative fits the 'springing from' context.

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death (death, dying)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

From root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

तस्य (tasya) - for him (his, of him, for him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular of 'tad' (masculine, referring to the person described by yasya).

राजते (rājate) - is glorious (shines, is brilliant, is glorious, rules)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of rāj

Present tense, third person, singular, middle voice

Root: rāj (class 1)

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