योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-30

यो यन्मयस्तस्य तस्मिन्युज्यतेऽपह्नवः कथम् ।
पुरुषस्य घटोऽस्मीति वाक्यमुन्मत्तमेव हि ॥ ३० ॥

yo yanmayastasya tasminyujyate'pahnavaḥ katham ,
puruṣasya ghaṭo'smīti vākyamunmattameva hi 30

30. yaḥ yanmayaḥ tasya tasmin yujyate apahnavaḥ katham
puruṣasya ghaṭaḥ asmi iti vākyam unmattam eva hi

30. yaḥ yat-mayaḥ,
tasya tasmin apahnavaḥ katham yujyate? puruṣasya "ghaṭaḥ asmi" iti vākyam unmattam eva hi (asti).

30. How can the denial of that of which something is composed be fitting in that very thing? Indeed, the statement 'I am a pot' made by a human being (puruṣa) is nothing but an insane utterance.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, that which

• यन्मयः (yanmayaḥ) - consisting of what, made of whatever

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, in that

• युज्यते (yujyate) - is fitting, is appropriate, is possible

• अपह्नवः (apahnavaḥ) - denial, concealment, hiding

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person, of a human being (puruṣa)

• घटः (ghaṭaḥ) - a pot, jar

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement, sentence, utterance

• उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - mad, insane, demented, intoxicated

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun stem)

यन्मयः (yanmayaḥ) - consisting of what, made of whatever

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yanmaya

yanmaya - made of whatever, consisting of whatever

Compound type : Tatpurusha (yat+maya)

• yat – what, which, that (stem of 'yad')
  pronoun (neuter)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix (-maya) forming adjectives from nouns, indicating 'made of' or 'full of'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun stem)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him, in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun stem)

युज्यते (yujyate) - is fitting, is appropriate, is possible

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

अपह्नवः (apahnavaḥ) - denial, concealment, hiding

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apahnava

apahnava - denial, concealment, evasion, hiding

Prefix: apa

Root: hnu (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person, of a human being (puruṣa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male; the cosmic person; the individual soul

घटः (ghaṭaḥ) - a pot, jar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭa

ghaṭa - pot, jar, pitcher

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

(indeclinable)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - a statement, sentence, utterance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, statement, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - mad, insane, demented, intoxicated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of unmatta

unmatta - mad, insane, frantic, intoxicated

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root 'mad' (to be mad, intoxicated) with the prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: mad (class 1)

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)