योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-15

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
यथा दामादयो राम स्थिता मायामया इति ।
असत्या एव सत्याभा मृगतृष्णाम्बुपूरवत् ॥ १५ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
yathā dāmādayo rāma sthitā māyāmayā iti ,
asatyā eva satyābhā mṛgatṛṣṇāmbupūravat 15

15. śrī-vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca | yathā dāma-ādayaḥ rāma sthitāḥ māyā-mayāḥ
iti | asatyāḥ eva satya-ābhāḥ mṛga-tṛṣṇā-ambu-pūravat ||

15. śrī-vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca rāma yathā dāma-ādayaḥ māyā-mayāḥ
sthitāḥ iti asatyāḥ eva satya-ābhāḥ mṛga-tṛṣṇā-ambu-pūravat

15. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: "O Rāma, just as garlands and similar objects, though they appear to exist as if made of illusion (māyā) and seem real, are in fact unreal, much like the water of a mirage."

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठः (śrī-vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (revered Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

• दाम-आदयः (dāma-ādayaḥ) - garlands and others, garlands and the like

• राम (rāma) - The prince Rāma, addressed by Vasiṣṭha. (O Rāma)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - existing, standing, situated

• माया-मयाः (māyā-mayāḥ) - made of illusion, illusory

• इति (iti) - Used to indicate indirect speech or a thought, "as if" (thus, in this manner, as such)

• असत्याः (asatyāḥ) - unreal, untrue, non-existent

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• सत्य-आभाः (satya-ābhāḥ) - having the appearance of reality, seeming real

• मृग-तृष्णा-अम्बु-पूरवत् (mṛga-tṛṣṇā-ambu-pūravat) - like a mirage's flood of water

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठः (śrī-vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (revered Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - The venerable Vasiṣṭha (a revered sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, auspiciousness, revered
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a famous Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form from root "vac".

Root: vac (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

दाम-आदयः (dāma-ādayaḥ) - garlands and others, garlands and the like

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāma-ādi

dāma-ādi - garlands and the like, starting with garlands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāman+ādi)

• dāman – garland, rope, string
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dA (class 1)
• ādi – beginning, first, etcetera, and so on
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Masculine plural nominative, agreeing with an implied subject (objects).

राम (rāma) - The prince Rāma, addressed by Vasiṣṭha. (O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a celebrated epic hero, an incarnation of Viṣṇu)

Root: ram (class 1)

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - existing, standing, situated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, existing, situated, abiding

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand, exist) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Can function as an adjective or predicate.

माया-मयाः (māyā-mayāḥ) - made of illusion, illusory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māyā-maya

māyā-maya - consisting of illusion (māyā), made of illusion, illusory

Derived from `māyā` + suffix `-maya` (made of, consisting of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māyā+maya)

• māyā – illusion, magic, artifice, deceptive appearance, cosmic illusion (māyā)
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mā (class 3)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix (masculine)
  Taddhita suffix.

Note: Agrees with `dāma-ādayaḥ`.

इति (iti) - Used to indicate indirect speech or a thought, "as if" (thus, in this manner, as such)

(indeclinable)

असत्याः (asatyāḥ) - unreal, untrue, non-existent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asatya

asatya - unreal, untrue, false, non-existent

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'satya'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+satya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• satya – true, real, existent, truth
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'sat' (being) + 'ya' suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `dāma-ādayaḥ`.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सत्य-आभाः (satya-ābhāḥ) - having the appearance of reality, seeming real

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satya-ābhā

satya-ābhā - having the appearance of truth/reality, seeming real

From `satya` (true, real) + `ābhā` (appearance, semblance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+ābhā)

• satya – true, real, existent, truth
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'sat' (being) + 'ya' suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)
• ābhā – splendor, light, appearance, semblance, reflection
  noun (feminine)
  From `ā-bhā` (to shine towards).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `dāma-ādayaḥ`.

मृग-तृष्णा-अम्बु-पूरवत् (mṛga-tṛṣṇā-ambu-pūravat) - like a mirage's flood of water

(indeclinable)

Compound noun `mṛga-tṛṣṇā-ambu-pūra` + taddhita suffix `-vat` (like, similar to).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mṛga-tṛṣṇā+ambu+pūra+vat)

• mṛga-tṛṣṇā – mirage (deer's thirst)
  noun (feminine)
  Compound meaning "deer's thirst", referring to a mirage.
• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• pūra – flood, stream, abundance, filling
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pṛ` (to fill).
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• vat – like, similar to, as if
  suffix
  Taddhita suffix forming an adverb.

Note: Functions as an adverbial comparison.