योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-18

मृतो बन्धुर्यथा स्वप्नेऽप्यनुभूतोऽप्यसन्मयः ।
मृतोऽयमिति चेज्ज्ञप्तिर्भवेदेवमिदं जगत् ॥ १८ ॥

mṛto bandhuryathā svapne'pyanubhūto'pyasanmayaḥ ,
mṛto'yamiti cejjñaptirbhavedevamidaṃ jagat 18

18. mṛtaḥ bandhuḥ yathā svapne api anubhūtaḥ api asat-mayaḥ
| mṛtaḥ ayam iti cet jñaptiḥ bhavet evam idam jagat ||

18. yathā svapne api anubhūtaḥ api mṛtaḥ bandhuḥ asat-mayaḥ
cet ayam mṛtaḥ iti jñaptiḥ bhavet evam idam jagat

18. Just as a dead relative, even though experienced in a dream, is unreal (asat-maya), similarly this world (jagat) is also like that, if the understanding 'this (world) is dead' should arise.

Words meanings summery:

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - relative, kinsman, friend

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

• अपि (api) - even, although

• अनुभूतः (anubhūtaḥ) - experienced, perceived

• अपि (api) - even, although

• असत्-मयः (asat-mayaḥ) - consisting of unreality, unreal

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

• अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the "relative" or implicitly, the "world". (this (one))

• इति (iti) - Encloses the statement "This one is dead." (thus, so, marking a quotation or thought)

• चेत् (cet) - Introduces a conditional clause. (if)

• ज्ञप्तिः (jñaptiḥ) - The understanding or realization that something is dead/unreal. (knowledge, understanding, cognition)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be, should arise

• एवम् (evam) - Refers to the unreality of `idam jagat`. (thus, so, in this manner)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to `jagat` (the world). (this)

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

Words meanings and morphology

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, past away

Past Passive Participle

From root `mṛ` (to die) + suffix `kta`.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - relative, kinsman, friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - relative, kinsman, friend, connection

From root `bandh` (to bind).

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing a comparison.

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, dreaming

From root `svap` (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Denotes the context.

अपि (api) - even, although

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अनुभूतः (anubhūtaḥ) - experienced, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anubhūta

anubhūta - experienced, perceived, felt

Past Passive Participle

From `anu-bhū` (to experience, perceive) + suffix `kta`.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

अपि (api) - even, although

(indeclinable)

Particle.

असत्-मयः (asat-mayaḥ) - consisting of unreality, unreal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asat-maya

asat-maya - consisting of unreality, unreal, illusory

Compound of `asat` (unreal) + taddhita suffix `-maya` (made of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asat+maya)

• asat – unreal, non-existent, false, untrue
  adjective (neuter)
  Present active participle (negative)
  Negative prefix `a-` + present participle of `as` (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix (masculine)
  Taddhita suffix.

Note: Predicate adjective.

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, past away

Past Passive Participle

From root `mṛ` (to die) + suffix `kta`.

Root: mṛ (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the "relative" or implicitly, the "world". (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause.

इति (iti) - Encloses the statement "This one is dead." (thus, so, marking a quotation or thought)

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - Introduces a conditional clause. (if)

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

ज्ञप्तिः (jñaptiḥ) - The understanding or realization that something is dead/unreal. (knowledge, understanding, cognition)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jñapti

jñapti - knowledge, understanding, cognition, information

From root `jñā` (to know) + suffix `kti`.

Root: jñā (class 9)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be, should arise

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

Parasmaipada conjugation.

Root: bhū (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - Refers to the unreality of `idam jagat`. (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to `jagat` (the world). (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, what moves

Present Active Participle (substantivized)

From root `gam` (to go) with reduplication `ja-gat`, functioning as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)