योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-7, verse-42

आदावेव हि नोत्पन्नं यत्तस्येहास्तिता कुतः ।
कुतो मरौ जलसरिद्द्वितीयेन्दौ कुतो ग्रहः ॥ ४२ ॥

ādāveva hi notpannaṃ yattasyehāstitā kutaḥ ,
kuto marau jalasariddvitīyendau kuto grahaḥ 42

42. ādau eva hi na utpannam yat tasya iha astitā kutaḥ
kutaḥ marau jala-sarit dvitiya-indau kutaḥ grahaḥ

42. hi ādau eva yat na utpannam tasya
iha astitā kutaḥ (syāt)? marau
jala-sarit kutaḥ (syāt)?
dvitiya-indau grahaḥ kutaḥ (syāt)?

42. Indeed, that which was not born in the very beginning, how can its existence (astitā) be here? From where can a river of water exist in a desert, or an eclipse befall a second, illusory moon?

Words meanings summery:

• आदौ (ādau) - at the very origin, fundamentally (in the beginning, at first)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing 'right from the beginning' (alone, only, indeed, certainly)

• हि (hi) - adds emphasis to the statement, 'it is certainly true that...' (indeed, surely, for)

• न (na) - not, no

• उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - that which has never truly originated or come into being (born, produced, arisen)

• यत् (yat) - referring to the world or any illusory appearance (which, what, that which)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (which was not born) (of that, its)

• इह (iha) - in this current reality or state of appearance (here, in this world, in this case)

• अस्तिता (astitā) - its (true) presence or reality (existence, being, reality)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

• मरौ (marau) - in a barren, waterless land (in a desert, in a wilderness)

• जल-सरित् (jala-sarit) - a stream containing water (implying a mirage if in a desert) (a river of water, a water-stream)

• द्वितिय-इन्दौ (dvitiya-indau) - referring to the optical illusion of seeing a second moon, which is not real (in a second moon, in an illusory second moon)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

• ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - the apprehension or occurrence of an eclipse (grasping, seizing, apprehension, perception, eclipse)

Words meanings and morphology

आदौ (ādau) - at the very origin, fundamentally (in the beginning, at first)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, origin, first

Note: Can also be considered an indeclinable 'in the beginning'.

एव (eva) - emphasizing 'right from the beginning' (alone, only, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - adds emphasis to the statement, 'it is certainly true that...' (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - that which has never truly originated or come into being (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - produced, born, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root `pad` (to go, move) with the prefix `ut` (up, forth).

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

यत् (yat) - referring to the world or any illusory appearance (which, what, that which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that which

तस्य (tasya) - of that (which was not born) (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

इह (iha) - in this current reality or state of appearance (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

अस्तिता (astitā) - its (true) presence or reality (existence, being, reality)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of astitā

astitā - existence, being, reality

Derived from root `as` (to be) with suffix `tā` (state of being).

Root: as (class 2)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

(indeclinable)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

(indeclinable)

मरौ (marau) - in a barren, waterless land (in a desert, in a wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of maru

maru - desert, sand, wilderness

जल-सरित् (jala-sarit) - a stream containing water (implying a mirage if in a desert) (a river of water, a water-stream)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jala-sarit

jala-sarit - a river of water

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jala+sarit)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• sarit – river, stream
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root `sṛ` (to flow, run).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

द्वितिय-इन्दौ (dvitiya-indau) - referring to the optical illusion of seeing a second moon, which is not real (in a second moon, in an illusory second moon)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvitiya-indu

dvitiya-indu - a second moon, an illusory moon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvitiya+indu)

• dvitiya – second, secondary
  adjective (masculine)
• indu – moon
  noun (masculine)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from what source or how is it possible? (from where? whence? why? how?)

(indeclinable)

ग्रहः (grahaḥ) - the apprehension or occurrence of an eclipse (grasping, seizing, apprehension, perception, eclipse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of graha

graha - grasping, seizing, apprehension, perception, eclipse

Derived from the root `grah` (to seize, grasp).

Root: grah (class 9)