योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-7, verse-8

पशुरज्ञो ह्यमूर्तोऽपि दुःखस्यैवैष भाजनम् ।
चेतनत्वाच्चेतनीयं मनोऽनर्थः स्वयं स्थितः ॥ ८ ॥

paśurajño hyamūrto'pi duḥkhasyaivaiṣa bhājanam ,
cetanatvāccetanīyaṃ mano'narthaḥ svayaṃ sthitaḥ 8

8. paśuḥ ajñaḥ hi amūrtaḥ api duḥkhasya eva eṣaḥ bhājanam
cetanatvāt cetanīyam manaḥ anarthaḥ svayam sthitaḥ

8. hi ajñaḥ amūrtaḥ api eṣaḥ paśuḥ duḥkhasya eva bhājanam
cetanatvāt manaḥ cetanīyam svayam anarthaḥ sthitaḥ

8. Indeed, this [jīva], like an ignorant and formless animal, is itself a vessel of suffering. Due to its sentient nature, the mind, which is to be apprehended, inherently constitutes misfortune.

Words meanings summery:

• पशुः (paśuḥ) - referring to the jīva being like an animal (animal, beast)

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, unknowing

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अमूर्तः (amūrtaḥ) - formless, incorporeal

• अपि (api) - even, also, although

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering, of misery

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, truly

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• भाजनम् (bhājanam) - vessel, receptacle, recipient

• चेतनत्वात् (cetanatvāt) - due to sentience, because of consciousness

• चेतनीयम् (cetanīyam) - to be made conscious, to be apprehended, to be understood

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

• अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, evil, meaninglessness

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by itself, spontaneously

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stands as, constitutes (stands, is situated, remains)

Words meanings and morphology

पशुः (paśuḥ) - referring to the jīva being like an animal (animal, beast)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle, sacrificial victim

Note: Refers to the jīva being like an animal.

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, unknowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, unknowing, fool

Derived from a- (negative) + jña (knowing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `paśuḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अमूर्तः (amūrtaḥ) - formless, incorporeal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amūrta

amūrta - formless, incorporeal, unmanifest

Derived from a- (negative) + mūrti (form)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+mūrta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• mūrta – embodied, having form, material
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mūrt (to solidify, to take form)
  Root: mūrt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `paśuḥ`.

अपि (api) - even, also, although

(indeclinable)

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering, of misery

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow

एव (eva) - indeed, only, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that it is *only* a vessel of suffering.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the `jīva` or `paśu`.

भाजनम् (bhājanam) - vessel, receptacle, recipient

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhājana

bhājana - vessel, receptacle, container, recipient, deserving object

From root bhuj (to enjoy, to partake)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate noun.

चेतनत्वात् (cetanatvāt) - due to sentience, because of consciousness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cetanatva

cetanatva - sentience, consciousness, animated nature

Derived from cetana (sentient) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Expresses cause.

चेतनीयम् (cetanīyam) - to be made conscious, to be apprehended, to be understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cetanīya

cetanīya - to be understood, to be known, to be apprehended, to be made conscious

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root cit (to perceive, to understand)

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `manaḥ` (which is neuter).

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, consciousness

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Is the subject of `sthitaḥ`.

अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, evil, meaninglessness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, evil, meaninglessness, uselessness

Derived from a- (negative) + artha (purpose, wealth, meaning)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Functions as a predicate alongside `sthitaḥ`.

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by itself, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the intrinsic nature.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stands as, constitutes (stands, is situated, remains)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, remaining, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate, "is situated as" or "stands as". Appears to agree with `anarthaḥ`.