योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-38

उदगुः पर्वताकाराः सर्वतः स्थूलराक्षसाः ।
देहमाश्रित्य निष्क्रान्ताः पातालान्नरका इव ॥ ३८ ॥

udaguḥ parvatākārāḥ sarvataḥ sthūlarākṣasāḥ ,
dehamāśritya niṣkrāntāḥ pātālānnarakā iva 38

38. udaguḥ parvatākārāḥ sarvataḥ sthūlarākṣasāḥ
deham āśritya niṣkrāntāḥ pātālān narakāḥ iva

38. parvatākārāḥ sthūlarākṣasāḥ sarvataḥ udaguḥ (te)
deham āśritya narakāḥ iva pātālān niṣkrāntāḥ

38. Huge rākṣasas (demons), mountain-like in form, arose from all sides. Having assumed bodies, they emerged from the netherworlds (pātāla) as if from hells.

Words meanings summery:

• उदगुः (udaguḥ) - the rākṣasas emerged or sprang up (they arose, they went up)

• पर्वताकाराः (parvatākārāḥ) - describing the massive size of the rākṣasas (mountain-like in form, having the appearance of mountains)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - the rākṣasas emerged from every direction (from all sides, everywhere)

• स्थूलराक्षसाः (sthūlarākṣasāḥ) - gigantic, terrifying demonic beings (huge rākṣasas (demons))

• देहम् (deham) - a physical form or corporeal existence (body)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - the rākṣasas assumed or took on bodies (having resorted to, having taken hold of, having assumed)

• निष्क्रान्ताः (niṣkrāntāḥ) - the rākṣasas came out of their original abode (they emerged, came forth)

• पातालान् (pātālān) - the rākṣasas originated from the subterranean realms (pātāla) (from the netherworlds (pātāla))

• नरकाः (narakāḥ) - used to compare the netherworlds (pātāla) to hells, emphasizing their dreadful nature (hells, infernal regions)

• इव (iva) - a simile comparing the source of emergence to hells (like, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

उदगुः (udaguḥ) - the rākṣasas emerged or sprang up (they arose, they went up)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of ud-gam

past (aorist)

Aorist, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ud

Root: gam (class 1)

पर्वताकाराः (parvatākārāḥ) - describing the massive size of the rākṣasas (mountain-like in form, having the appearance of mountains)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parvatākāra

parvatākāra - mountain-like in form

compound of parvata (mountain) and ākāra (form, shape)

Compound type : tatpurusha (parvata+ākāra)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  from ā + kṛ 'to do, make'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes 'sthūlarākṣasāḥ'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - the rākṣasas emerged from every direction (from all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

from sarva + tas

Note: Modifies 'udaguḥ'.

स्थूलराक्षसाः (sthūlarākṣasāḥ) - gigantic, terrifying demonic beings (huge rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthūlarākṣasa

sthūlarākṣasa - huge demon, gigantic rākṣasa

compound of sthūla (large, gross) and rākṣasa (demon)

Compound type : karmadharaya (sthūla+rākṣasa)

• sthūla – large, huge, gross
  adjective (masculine)
• rākṣasa – a demon, ogre, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
  from root rakṣ 'to protect'
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'udaguḥ'.

देहम् (deham) - a physical form or corporeal existence (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form

from root dih 'to anoint'

Root: dih (class 2)

Note: Object of 'āśritya'.

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - the rākṣasas assumed or took on bodies (having resorted to, having taken hold of, having assumed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

absolutive formed with prefix ā- and root śri

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

निष्क्रान्ताः (niṣkrāntāḥ) - the rākṣasas came out of their original abode (they emerged, came forth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣkrānta

niṣkrānta - emerged, come forth, gone out

Past Passive Participle

from niṣ-kram 'to go out, emerge'

Prefix: niḥ

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'they were emerged'.

पातालान् (pātālān) - the rākṣasas originated from the subterranean realms (pātāla) (from the netherworlds (pātāla))

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of pātāla

pātāla - the netherworld, subterranean region (pātāla)

Note: Source of emergence.

नरकाः (narakāḥ) - used to compare the netherworlds (pātāla) to hells, emphasizing their dreadful nature (hells, infernal regions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naraka

naraka - hell, infernal region

Note: Used in comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - a simile comparing the source of emergence to hells (like, as if)

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison