योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-49, verse-3

तेनातिभीमवातेन विदूरथरथोऽप्यथ ।
उह्यमानोऽभवन्नद्या यथा जर्जरपल्लवः ॥ ३ ॥

tenātibhīmavātena vidūratharatho'pyatha ,
uhyamāno'bhavannadyā yathā jarjarapallavaḥ 3

3. tena atibhīmavātena vidūrarathaḥ api atha
uhyamānaḥ abhavat nadyā yathā jarjarapallavaḥ

3. atha tena atibhīmavātena vidūrarathaḥ api
nadyā jarjarapallavaḥ yathā uhyamānaḥ abhavat

3. Then, Vidūratha, along with his chariot, was carried away by that exceedingly dreadful wind, just as a withered leaf is carried by a river.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that

• अतिभीमवातेन (atibhīmavātena) - by the exceedingly dreadful wind

• विदूररथः (vidūrarathaḥ) - Vidūratha

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अथ (atha) - then, now

• उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - being carried, being borne

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• नद्या (nadyā) - by a river

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• जर्जरपल्लवः (jarjarapallavaḥ) - a withered leaf, a tattered leaf

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'atibhīmavātena'

अतिभीमवातेन (atibhīmavātena) - by the exceedingly dreadful wind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atibhīmavāta

atibhīmavāta - exceedingly dreadful wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+bhīma+vāta)

• ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
  indeclinable
• bhīma – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vāta – wind, air, breeze
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

विदूररथः (vidūrarathaḥ) - Vidūratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidūraratha

vidūraratha - name of a king or warrior

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, now

(indeclinable)

उह्यमानः (uhyamānaḥ) - being carried, being borne

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uhyamāna

uhyamāna - being carried, being borne, floating

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vah (to carry, to bear) with passive voice and present tense participle suffix.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective for Vidūratha.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From the root √bhū, augmented with 'a' for imperfect tense, and 't' ending for 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नद्या (nadyā) - by a river

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Used in the simile 'like a withered leaf by a river'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

जर्जरपल्लवः (jarjarapallavaḥ) - a withered leaf, a tattered leaf

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarjarapallava

jarjarapallava - a withered leaf, a tattered leaf

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jarjara+pallava)

• jarjara – worn out, tattered, decayed, withered
  adjective (masculine)
• pallava – leaf, sprout, twig
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the simile implied by 'yathā'.