योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-1, verse-31

ततस्तत्र पुनर्दुःखं जरा मरणजन्मनी ।
भावाभावग्रहोत्सर्गः स्थूलसूक्ष्मचलाचलः ॥ ३१ ॥

tatastatra punarduḥkhaṃ jarā maraṇajanmanī ,
bhāvābhāvagrahotsargaḥ sthūlasūkṣmacalācalaḥ 31

31. tatas tatra punar duḥkham jarā maraṇajanmanī
bhāvābhāvagrahotsargaḥ sthūlasūkṣmacalācalaḥ

31. tatas tatra punar duḥkham jarā maraṇajanmanī
bhāvābhāvagrahotsargaḥ sthūlasūkṣmacalācalaḥ

31. Then, in that state, there is again suffering (duḥkha), characterized by old age, birth and death, the grasping and releasing of what exists and what does not exist, and by being gross or subtle, moving or unmoving.

Words meanings summery:

• ततस् (tatas) - then (indicating sequence or consequence) (then, thence, from that)

• तत्र (tatra) - in that state (referring to the state mentioned previously) (there, in that, in that case)

• पुनर् (punar) - again (again, anew, moreover)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha) (suffering, pain, misery)

• जरा (jarā) - old age (old age, decay)

• मरणजन्मनी (maraṇajanmanī) - birth and death

• भावाभावग्रहोत्सर्गः (bhāvābhāvagrahotsargaḥ) - the grasping and releasing of what exists and what does not exist (the grasping and releasing of existence and non-existence)

• स्थूलसूक्ष्मचलाचलः (sthūlasūkṣmacalācalaḥ) - by being gross or subtle, moving or unmoving (gross, subtle, moving, and unmoving)

Words meanings and morphology

ततस् (tatas) - then (indicating sequence or consequence) (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - in that state (referring to the state mentioned previously) (there, in that, in that case)

(indeclinable)

पुनर् (punar) - again (again, anew, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha) (suffering, pain, misery)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

जरा (jarā) - old age (old age, decay)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

From root jṝ (to wear out)

Root: jṝ (class 9)

मरणजन्मनी (maraṇajanmanī) - birth and death

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of maraṇajanman

maraṇajanman - death and birth (as a compound)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (maraṇa+janman)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• janman – birth, production, existence
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Dual form of a dvandva compound 'maraṇa and janman'

भावाभावग्रहोत्सर्गः (bhāvābhāvagrahotsargaḥ) - the grasping and releasing of what exists and what does not exist (the grasping and releasing of existence and non-existence)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvābhāvagrahotsarga

bhāvābhāvagrahotsarga - grasping and releasing of being and non-being

Compound of bhāvābhāva (existence-non-existence) and grahotsarga (grasping-releasing)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhāvābhāva+grahotsarga)

• bhāva – existence, being, state, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• abhāva – non-existence, absence, negation
  noun (masculine)
  a- (negation) + bhāva
  Prefix: a
• graha – grasping, seizing, taking, planet
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From root grah (to seize)
  Root: grah (class 9)
• utsarga – releasing, abandoning, giving up, emission
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  ut- (prefix) + root sṛj (to emit, release)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

स्थूलसूक्ष्मचलाचलः (sthūlasūkṣmacalācalaḥ) - by being gross or subtle, moving or unmoving (gross, subtle, moving, and unmoving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthūlasūkṣmacalācala

sthūlasūkṣmacalācala - characterized by grossness, subtlety, motion, and immobility

Dvandva compound of sthūla, sūkṣma, cala, and acala

Compound type : dvandva (sthūla+sūkṣma+cala+acala)

• sthūla – gross, bulky, coarse, material
  adjective (masculine)
• sūkṣma – subtle, fine, minute, delicate
  adjective (masculine)
• cala – moving, tremulous, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)
• acala – immovable, unmoving, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  a- (negation) + cala
  Prefix: a

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