वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-29, verse-5

स तु दृष्ट्वा बलं सर्वं निहतं रावणो रणे ।
क्रोधमभ्यागमत्तीव्रं महानादं च मुक्तवान् ॥५॥

5. sa tu dṛṣṭvā balaṃ sarvaṃ nihataṃ rāvaṇo raṇe ,
krodhamabhyāgamattīvraṃ mahānādaṃ ca muktavān.

5. saḥ tu dṛṣṭvā balam sarvam nihatam rāvaṇaḥ raṇe
krodham abhyāgamat tīvram mahānādam ca muktavān

5. rāvaṇaḥ saḥ tu sarvam balam raṇe nihatam dṛṣṭvā
tīvram krodham abhyāgamat ca mahānādam muktavān

5. But Rāvaṇa, having seen his entire army destroyed in the battle, became intensely angry and let out a great roar.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• बलम् (balam) - army, force

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire, all

• निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, killed

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (king of Lanka)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger

• अभ्यागमत् (abhyāgamat) - he approached, he experienced

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, fierce

• महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great roar/shout

• च (ca) - and

• मुक्तवान् (muktavān) - he released, he emitted

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `ktvā`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - army, force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire, all

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with `balam`

निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root `han` (to strike, kill) with prefix `ni` and suffix `kta`

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `balam`

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (king of Lanka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the ten-headed king of Lanka in Rāmāyaṇa)

Root: ru (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath

from root `krudh` (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

अभ्यागमत् (abhyāgamat) - he approached, he experienced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyāgam

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Root `gam` with prefixes `abhi` and `ā`. Form for 3rd person singular past imperfect active.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, fierce

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tīvra

tīvra - sharp, keen, strong, fierce, intense

Note: Agrees with `krodham`

महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great roar/shout

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahānāda

mahānāda - a great sound, loud roar, thunder

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nāda)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मुक्तवान् (muktavān) - he released, he emitted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muktavat

muktavat - one who has released, emitted

Past Active Participle

from root `muc` (to release) with suffix `ktavatū`

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Functions as the main verb here.

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