वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-29, verse-12

तस्य तं निश्चयं ज्ञात्वा शक्रो देवेश्वरस्तदा ।
रथस्थः समरस्थांस्तान्देवान् वाक्यमथाब्रवीत् ॥१२॥

12. tasya taṃ niścayaṃ jñātvā śakro deveśvarastadā ,
rathasthaḥ samarasthāṃstāndevān vākyamathābravīt.

12. tasya tam niścayam jñātvā śakraḥ deveśvaraḥ tadā
rathasthaḥ samarasthān tān devān vākyam atha abravīt

12. tadā śakraḥ deveśvaraḥ rathasthaḥ tasya tam niścayam
jñātvā samarasthān tān devān atha vākyam abravīt

12. Having understood his firm resolve, Indra (śakraḥ), the lord of the gods (deveśvaraḥ), who was then seated in his chariot, spoke these words to those gods (deva) who were present on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• तम् (tam) - that, his

• निश्चयम् (niścayam) - firm resolve, determination

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, powerful one

• देवेश्वरः (deveśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - seated in a chariot

• समरस्थान् (samarasthān) - standing in battle, present on the battlefield

• तान् (tān) - those

• देवान् (devān) - gods

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - that, his

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'niścayam'.

निश्चयम् (niścayam) - firm resolve, determination

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - firm resolve, determination, certainty, ascertainment

Derived from nis-ci with suffix -a

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from √jñā with suffix -tvā

Root: jñā (class 9)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, powerful one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, mighty, powerful, able

Derived from √śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

देवेश्वरः (deveśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods

(compound)

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (deva+īśvara)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Refers to Indra.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Pronominal adverb from 'tad'

रथस्थः (rathasthaḥ) - seated in a chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathastha

rathastha - standing or being on a chariot

Compound type : saptamī tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From √ram or √raṃh
  Root: ram (class 1)
• stha – standing, staying, being in or on
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix -a
  From √sthā with suffix -a
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śakraḥ'.

समरस्थान् (samarasthān) - standing in battle, present on the battlefield

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samarastha

samarastha - standing in battle, being on the battlefield

Compound type : saptamī tatpuruṣa (samara+stha)

• samara – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying, being in or on
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix -a
  From √sthā with suffix -a
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'devān'.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'devān'.

देवान् (devān) - gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, declaration

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)