वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-29, verse-29

तं दृष्ट्वाथ बलात्तस्मिन्माययापहृतं रणे ।
महेन्द्रममराः सर्वे किं न्वेतदिति चुक्रुशुः ।
न हि दृश्यति विद्यावान्मायया येन नीयते ॥२९॥

29. taṃ dṛṣṭvātha balāttasminmāyayāpahṛtaṃ raṇe ,
mahendramamarāḥ sarve kiṃ nvetaditi cukruśuḥ ,
na hi dṛśyati vidyāvānmāyayā yena nīyate.

29. tam dṛṣṭvā atha balāt tasmin māyayā
apahṛtam raṇe mahendram amarāḥ
sarve kim nu etat iti cukruśuḥ na hi
dṛśyati vidyāvān māyayā yena nīyate

29. atha sarve amarāḥ raṇe māyayā balāt apahṛtam tam mahendram dṛṣṭvā,
"kim nu etat? yena māyayā nīyate (saḥ) vidyāvān hi na dṛśyati" iti cukruśuḥ

29. Seeing Mahendra thus forcefully carried away by illusion (māyā) in battle, all the immortals cried out, "What is this? The master of illusion (māyā) by whom he is being led is not even visible!"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Mahendra/Indra) (him, that (accusative))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, having observed)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (situation/battle) (in that, on that, there)

• मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

• अपहृतम् (apahṛtam) - carried away (abducted, carried away, stolen)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• महेन्द्रम् (mahendram) - Mahendra (Indra) (Mahendra (the great Indra))

• अमराः (amarāḥ) - immortals (gods) (immortals, gods)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

• नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, now, then (particle of interrogation or affirmation))

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the situation) (this, this one)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing direct speech) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought))

• चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - even (indeed, surely, for)

• दृश्यति (dṛśyati) - he is seen (used in a passive sense) (he sees, he is seen)

• विद्यावान् (vidyāvān) - the master of illusion (knowledgeable, wise, possessing magic)

• मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

• येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Indrajit) (by whom, by which)

• नीयते (nīyate) - he is being led (he is led, he is carried)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Mahendra/Indra) (him, that (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ktvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, force, power

Note: Used adverbially here.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (situation/battle) (in that, on that, there)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the context of the battle or the state of Indra.

मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, artifice, supernatural power

अपहृतम् (apahṛtam) - carried away (abducted, carried away, stolen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apahṛta

apahṛta - abducted, carried off, stolen

past passive participle

Derived from root hṛ (to seize, carry) with prefix apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Mahendra.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

महेन्द्रम् (mahendram) - Mahendra (Indra) (Mahendra (the great Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahendra

mahendra - the great Indra, a king, a sovereign

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+indra)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• indra – Indra, chief, best
  proper noun (masculine)

अमराः (amarāḥ) - immortals (gods) (immortals, gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amara

amara - immortal, a god

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (a+mara)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• mara – dying, mortal
  adjective
  from root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'amarāḥ'.

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?, why?

नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, now, then (particle of interrogation or affirmation))

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the situation) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

इति (iti) - thus (introducing direct speech) (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

चुक्रुशुः (cukruśuḥ) - they cried out (they cried out, they wailed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kruś

Root: kruś (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - even (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

दृश्यति (dṛśyati) - he is seen (used in a passive sense) (he sees, he is seen)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: While grammatically an active form, the context strongly suggests a passive meaning ('is seen') for the invisible Indrajit.

विद्यावान् (vidyāvān) - the master of illusion (knowledgeable, wise, possessing magic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyāvat

vidyāvat - possessing knowledge, learned, wise, skilled in magic

Derived from vidyā (knowledge, magic) with the possessive suffix -vat

Note: Refers to Indrajit, who is skilled in magical illusions (māyā).

मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, artifice, supernatural power

येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Indrajit) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

नीयते (nīyate) - he is being led (he is led, he is carried)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of nī

Root: nī (class 1)

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