वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-29, verse-20

ततः शक्रो निरीक्ष्याथ प्रविष्टं तं बलं स्वकम् ।
न्यवर्तयदसंभ्रान्तः समावृत्य दशाननम् ॥२०॥

20. tataḥ śakro nirīkṣyātha praviṣṭaṃ taṃ balaṃ svakam ,
nyavartayadasaṃbhrāntaḥ samāvṛtya daśānanam.

20. tataḥ śakraḥ nirīkṣya atha praviṣṭam tam balam
svakam nyavartayat asaṃbhrāntaḥ samāvṛtya daśānanam

20. tataḥ śakraḥ atha svakam praviṣṭam tam balam nirīkṣya asaṃbhrāntaḥ samāvṛtya daśānanam nyavartayat.

20. Then, upon seeing his own army penetrated by the enemy, Indra (śakra), undisturbed, repelled Daśānana (Rāvaṇa) by encircling him.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (powerful, strong; an epithet of Indra)

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - upon seeing (having seen, having observed)

• अथ (atha) - then (introduces next action) (then, now, moreover)

• प्रविष्टम् (praviṣṭam) - which was penetrated (entered, penetrated)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to 'balam', his army) (that, him)

• बलम् (balam) - army (strength, power, army)

• स्वकम् (svakam) - his own (army) (one's own, pertaining to oneself)

• न्यवर्तयत् (nyavartayat) - repelled (caused to turn back, repelled)

• असंभ्रान्तः (asaṁbhrāntaḥ) - undisturbed, calmly (unconfused, calm, undisturbed)

• समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - by encircling (having surrounded, having encompassed, having turned back)

• दशाननम् (daśānanam) - Daśānana (Rāvaṇa) (ten-faced)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (powerful, strong; an epithet of Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful, mighty; an epithet of Indra

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - upon seeing (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from ni-īkṣ

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Gerund

अथ (atha) - then (introduces next action) (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

प्रविष्टम् (praviṣṭam) - which was penetrated (entered, penetrated)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, penetrated

Past Passive Participle

from pra-viś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: modifies 'balam'

तम् (tam) - that (referring to 'balam', his army) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: referring to 'balam'

बलम् (balam) - army (strength, power, army)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

स्वकम् (svakam) - his own (army) (one's own, pertaining to oneself)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svaka

svaka - one's own, own

Note: modifies 'balam'

न्यवर्तयत् (nyavartayat) - repelled (caused to turn back, repelled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of nivartay

Causative stem

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, causative of ni-vṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

असंभ्रान्तः (asaṁbhrāntaḥ) - undisturbed, calmly (unconfused, calm, undisturbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃbhrānta

asaṁbhrānta - unconfused, calm, undisturbed, unperplexed

Past Passive Participle with negative prefix

from a-sam-bhram

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+saṃbhrānta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• saṃbhrānta – confused, agitated, perplexed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam-bhram
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: modifies 'śakraḥ'

समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - by encircling (having surrounded, having encompassed, having turned back)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from sam-ā-vṛt

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Gerund

दशाननम् (daśānanam) - Daśānana (Rāvaṇa) (ten-faced)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśānana

daśānana - ten-faced; an epithet of Rāvaṇa

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daśan+ānana)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

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