वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-33

तेषां वरुणसूनूनां हत्वा योधान् हयांश्च तान् ।
मुमोचाशु महानादं विरथान्प्रेक्ष्य तान् स्थितान् ॥३३॥

33. teṣāṃ varuṇasūnūnāṃ hatvā yodhān hayāṃśca tān ,
mumocāśu mahānādaṃ virathānprekṣya tān sthitān.

33. teṣām varuṇasūnūnām hatvā yodhān hayān ca tān
mumoca āśu mahānādam virathān prekṣya tān sthitān

33. teṣām varuṇasūnūnām yodhān ca hayān tān hatvā
virathān sthitān tān prekṣya āśu mahānādam mumoca

33. Having killed the warriors and horses of those sons of Varuṇa, and seeing them standing without chariots, he swiftly let out a great roar.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• वरुणसूनूनाम् (varuṇasūnūnām) - of the sons of Varuṇa

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• च (ca) - and, also

• तान् (tān) - those warriors and horses (them, those)

• मुमोच (mumoca) - he uttered (a roar) (he released, he uttered, he threw)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great roar, a loud sound

• विरथान् (virathān) - uncharioted, without a chariot

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• तान् (tān) - those sons of Varuṇa (them, those)

• स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing (on the ground) (standing, situated, being)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the enemies.

वरुणसूनूनाम् (varuṇasūnūnām) - of the sons of Varuṇa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varuṇasūnu

varuṇasūnu - son of Varuṇa

Compound formed from 'Varuṇa' (proper noun) and 'sūnu' (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (varuṇa+sūnu)

• varuṇa – Varuṇa (name of a Vedic deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūnu – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive plural of 'varuṇasūnu'.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Denotes a completed action preceding the main verb.

योधान् (yodhān) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तान् (tān) - those warriors and horses (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yodhān' and 'hayān'.

मुमोच (mumoca) - he uttered (a roar) (he released, he uttered, he threw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Main verb, subject is implied (Mahodara).

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'mumoca'.

महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great roar, a loud sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahānāda

mahānāda - great roar, loud sound

Compound formed from 'mahā' (great) and 'nāda' (sound, roar).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nāda)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'mumoca'.

विरथान् (virathān) - uncharioted, without a chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, uncharioted

Compound formed from 'vi' (privative prefix) and 'ratha' (chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or privation.
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tān sthitān'.

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) from root 'īkṣ' with prefix 'pra'.

तान् (tān) - those sons of Varuṇa (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'prekṣya'.

स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing (on the ground) (standing, situated, being)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, existing

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tān'.

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