वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-15

ततो ऽश्मनगरं नाम कालकेयाभिरक्षितम् ।
तं विजित्य मुहूर्तेन जघ्ने दैत्यांश्चतुःशतम् ॥१५॥

15. tato'śmanagaraṃ nāma kālakeyābhirakṣitam ,
taṃ vijitya muhūrtena jaghne daityāṃścatuḥśatam.

15. tataḥ aśmanagaram nāma kālakeyābhirakṣitam tam
vijitya muhūrtena jaghne daityān catuḥśatam

15. tataḥ kālakeyābhirakṣitam aśmanagaram nāma tam
muhūrtena vijitya catuḥśatam daityān jaghne

15. Then, Rāvaṇa conquered that city named Aśmanagara, which was guarded by the Kālakeyas, in an instant. He then killed four hundred of those demons.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

• अश्मनगरम् (aśmanagaram) - the city named Aśmanagara (Aśmanagara (city of stone))

• नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed)

• कालकेयाभिरक्षितम् (kālakeyābhirakṣitam) - guarded by the Kālakeyas

• तम् (tam) - that (city) (that, him, it)

• विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered (having conquered, having vanquished)

• मुहूर्तेन (muhūrtena) - in an instant (in a moment, quickly)

• जघ्ने (jaghne) - he killed (he killed, he struck)

• दैत्यान् (daityān) - the demons (demons, sons of Diti)

• चतुःशतम् (catuḥśatam) - four hundred

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial particle

अश्मनगरम् (aśmanagaram) - the city named Aśmanagara (Aśmanagara (city of stone))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśmanagara

aśmanagara - city of stone (a proper noun for a city)

Compound: aśman (stone) + nagara (city)

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśman+nagara)

• aśman – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'vijitya'

नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial particle modifying 'aśmanagaram'

कालकेयाभिरक्षितम् (kālakeyābhirakṣitam) - guarded by the Kālakeyas

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kālakeyābhirakṣita

kālakeyābhirakṣita - guarded by the Kālakeyas

Compound adjective

Tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa compound: kālakeyaiḥ (by Kālakeyas) + abhirakṣitam (guarded)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kālakeya+abhirakṣita)

• kālakeya – descendant of Kalakā (a type of demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhirakṣita – well-guarded, protected
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix abhi + root rakṣ (to guard) + kta suffix
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'aśmanagaram'

तम् (tam) - that (city) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers back to 'aśmanagaram'

विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered (having conquered, having vanquished)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix vi + root ji (to conquer) + lyap suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Action performed before the main verb 'jaghne'

मुहूर्तेन (muhūrtena) - in an instant (in a moment, quickly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time (a unit of time = 48 minutes)

Note: Indicates the means or duration of action (here, quickly)

जघ्ने (jaghne) - he killed (he killed, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Active

Root han (to kill) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada form (irregular)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb, subject is Rāvaṇa (implied)

दैत्यान् (daityān) - the demons (demons, sons of Diti)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daitya

daitya - demon, son of Diti

Note: Object of 'jaghne'

चतुःशतम् (catuḥśatam) - four hundred

(numeral)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (catur+śata)

• catur – four
  numeral
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Quantity of the object 'daityān'