वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-1

स तु जित्वा दशग्रीवो यमं त्रिदशपुंगवम् ।
रावणस्तु जयश्लाघी स्वसहायान्ददर्श ह ॥१॥

1. sa tu jitvā daśagrīvo yamaṃ tridaśapuṃgavam ,
rāvaṇastu jayaślāghī svasahāyāndadarśa ha.

1. saḥ tu jitvā daśagrīvaḥ yamam tridaśapuṅgavam
rāvaṇaḥ tu jayaślāghī svasahāyān dadarśa ha

1. Indeed, having conquered Yama, the foremost among the gods, Rāvaṇa, proud of his victory, then saw his own allies.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Rāvaṇa (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

• दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Daśagrīva, the ten-necked one (an epithet of Rāvaṇa))

• यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death)

• त्रिदशपुङ्गवम् (tridaśapuṅgavam) - referring to Yama (foremost among the gods, chief of the gods)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• जयश्लाघी (jayaślāghī) - Rāvaṇa, who was proud of his recent conquest of Yama (boasting of victory, proud of victory)

• स्वसहायान् (svasahāyān) - his own allies, his own companions

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Rāvaṇa (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from the root √ji (to conquer, to win)

Root: ji (class 1)

दशग्रीवः (daśagrīvaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Daśagrīva, the ten-necked one (an epithet of Rāvaṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - Daśagrīva, the ten-necked one (an epithet of Rāvaṇa)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (daśan+grīva)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice), restraint, twin

त्रिदशपुङ्गवम् (tridaśapuṅgavam) - referring to Yama (foremost among the gods, chief of the gods)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tridaśapuṅgava

tridaśapuṅgava - foremost among the gods, chief of the gods

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+puṅgava)

• tridaśa – a god, deity (literally 'three times ten')
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, excellent, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

जयश्लाघी (jayaślāghī) - Rāvaṇa, who was proud of his recent conquest of Yama (boasting of victory, proud of victory)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jayaślāghin

jayaślāghin - boasting of victory, proud of victory

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (jaya+ślāghin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ślāghin – boasting, praising, proud
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -in added to √ślāgh
  Root: ślāgh (class 1)

स्वसहायान् (svasahāyān) - his own allies, his own companions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svasahāya

svasahāya - one's own companion, one's own helper/ally

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+sahāya)

• sva – own, self, one's own
  pronoun
• sahāya – companion, helper, ally
  noun (masculine)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)