वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-21

ततो हत्वा बलाध्यक्षान् समरे तैश्च ताडितः ।
अब्रवीत् क्व गतो यो वो राजा शीघ्रं निवेद्यताम् ॥२१॥

21. tato hatvā balādhyakṣān samare taiśca tāḍitaḥ ,
abravīt kva gato yo vo rājā śīghraṃ nivedyatām.

21. tataḥ hatvā balādhyakṣān samare taiḥ ca tāḍitaḥ
abravīt kva gataḥ yaḥ vaḥ rājā śīghram nivedyatām

21. tataḥ samare balādhyakṣān hatvā,
taiḥ ca tāḍitaḥ,
(saḥ) abravīt – kva gataḥ yaḥ vaḥ rājā (iti)? (saḥ) śīghram nivedyatām.

21. Then, after killing the army commanders in battle, and himself being struck by them, he said, "Where has your king gone? Let him be announced quickly!"

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

• बलाध्यक्षान् (balādhyakṣān) - army commanders, chiefs of forces

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• च (ca) - and, also

• ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, beaten

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• क्व (kva) - where?

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• वः (vaḥ) - your, of you (plural)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• निवेद्यताम् (nivedyatām) - let him be announced, let be informed

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas from pronoun tad

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root han

Root: han (class 2)

बलाध्यक्षान् (balādhyakṣān) - army commanders, chiefs of forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of balādhyakṣa

balādhyakṣa - army commander, chief of forces

Compound of bala and adhyakṣa

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bala+adhyakṣa)

• bala – strength, power, army, force
  noun (neuter)
• adhyakṣa – superintendent, chief, overseer
  noun (masculine)
  From akṣi with prefix adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: akṣ

Note: Object of hatvā

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to balādhyakṣān

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - struck, beaten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāḍita

tāḍita - struck, beaten, hit

Past Passive Participle

From root tāḍ

Root: tāḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with implied subject (Rāvaṇa)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active voice of bru

Root: bru (class 2)

Note: Subject is implied (Rāvaṇa)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Locative derivative of pronoun kim

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājā

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun for rājā

वः (vaḥ) - your, of you (plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Enclitic form

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Subject of gataḥ

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Can be used as an adverb in neuter accusative singular

Note: Used adverbially to modify nivedyatām

निवेद्यताम् (nivedyatām) - let him be announced, let be informed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of nivedaya

Passive Imperative

3rd person singular imperative passive voice of the causative stem nivedaya- from root vid with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)