वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-14

स तूपधार्य मायानां शतमेकोनमात्मवान् ।
सलिलेन्द्रपुरान्वेषी स बभ्राम रसातलम् ॥१४॥

14. sa tūpadhārya māyānāṃ śatamekonamātmavān ,
salilendrapurānveṣī sa babhrāma rasātalam.

14. saḥ tu upadhārya māyānām śatam ekonam ātmavān
salilendrapurānveṣī saḥ babhrāma rasātalam

14. tu saḥ ātmavān ekonam śatam māyānām upadhārya
salilendrapurānveṣī saḥ rasātalam babhrāma

14. But that self-possessed (ātman) Rāvaṇa, having mastered ninety-nine kinds of illusion (māyā), wandered through Rasātala searching for the city of Varuṇa, the lord of waters.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• उपधार्य (upadhārya) - having mastered (having learned, having understood, having mastered)

• मायानाम् (māyānām) - of illusion (māyā) (of illusions, of magical powers)

• शतम् (śatam) - hundred

• एकोनम् (ekonam) - one less (ninety-nine) (one less, lacking one)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed (ātman) (self-possessed, wise, spiritual, strong-willed)

• सलिलेन्द्रपुरान्वेषी (salilendrapurānveṣī) - searching for the city of Varuṇa, the lord of waters (searching for the city of the lord of waters)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• बभ्राम (babhrāma) - he wandered (he wandered, he roamed)

• रसातलम् (rasātalam) - to Rasātala (to Rasātala (one of the seven netherworlds))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Subject

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle

उपधार्य (upadhārya) - having mastered (having learned, having understood, having mastered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix upa + root dhṛ (to hold, support, possess). For 'mastering illusions', dhṛ seems appropriate in the sense of holding/grasping knowledge. Another possible root is dhyā (to meditate) or dhā (to place).

Prefix: upa

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Action performed before the main verb 'babhrāma'

मायानाम् (māyānām) - of illusion (māyā) (of illusions, of magical powers)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, trickery

Note: Possessive case, 'of illusions'

शतम् (śatam) - hundred

(numeral)

Note: Object of 'upadhārya', in apposition with 'ekonam'

एकोनम् (ekonam) - one less (ninety-nine) (one less, lacking one)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekona

ekona - one less, lacking one

Compound: eka (one) + ūna (less)

Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+ūna)

• eka – one
  numeral
• ūna – less, deficient
  adjective

Note: Modifies 'śatam'

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed (ātman) (self-possessed, wise, spiritual, strong-willed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - having an ātman (soul/self), self-possessed, wise

Derived from ātman (self/soul) + matup suffix

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, descriptive adjective

सलिलेन्द्रपुरान्वेषी (salilendrapurānveṣī) - searching for the city of Varuṇa, the lord of waters (searching for the city of the lord of waters)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of salilendrapurānveṣin

salilendrapurānveṣin - one who searches for the city of the lord of waters

Tatpuruṣa compound: salila-indra-pura-anveṣin

Compound type : tatpurusha (salilendra+pura+anveṣin)

• salilendra – lord of waters (Varuṇa)
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: salila (water) + indra (lord)
• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• anveṣin – seeker, searcher
  adjective (masculine)
  Root iṣ (to seek) with prefix anu + suffix -in
  Prefix: anu
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, descriptive adjective

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Repetition of subject for emphasis

बभ्राम (babhrāma) - he wandered (he wandered, he roamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of bhram

Perfect Active

Root bhram (to wander) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Main verb

रसातलम् (rasātalam) - to Rasātala (to Rasātala (one of the seven netherworlds))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rasātala

rasātala - Rasātala (one of the lower regions or netherworlds)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rasā+tala)

• rasā – earth, fluid
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, lower region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Goal of the action 'babhrāma'