वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-23, verse-31

ततो महोदरः क्रुद्धो राजानं दृश्य धर्षितम् ।
त्यक्त्वा मृत्युभयं वीरो युद्धकाङ्क्षी व्यलोकयत् ॥३१॥

31. tato mahodaraḥ kruddho rājānaṃ dṛśya dharṣitam ,
tyaktvā mṛtyubhayaṃ vīro yuddhakāṅkṣī vyalokayat.

31. tataḥ mahodaraḥ kruddhaḥ rājānam dṛśya dharṣitam
tyaktvā mṛtyu-bhayam vīraḥ yuddha-kāṅkṣī vyalokayad

31. tataḥ kruddhaḥ yuddha-kāṅkṣī vīraḥ mahodaraḥ dharṣitam
rājānam dṛśya mṛtyu-bhayam tyaktvā vyalokayad

31. Then, the enraged Mahodara, a hero eager for battle, having seen the king humiliated and having abandoned the fear of death, gazed upon him.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

• महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (a prominent warrior) (Mahodara (proper name), one with a large belly)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Ravana) (the king (accusative))

• दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen

• धर्षितम् (dharṣitam) - humiliated (referring to the king) (humiliated, assaulted, violated, defeated)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

• मृत्यु-भयम् (mṛtyu-bhayam) - the fear of death (fear of death)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - a hero (hero, brave man)

• युद्ध-काङ्क्षी (yuddha-kāṅkṣī) - eager for battle (desirous of battle, eager for war)

• व्यलोकयद् (vyalokayad) - he gazed upon (him, Ravana) (he looked at, he beheld, he observed)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

महोदरः (mahodaraḥ) - Mahodara (a prominent warrior) (Mahodara (proper name), one with a large belly)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahodara

mahodara - Mahodara (name of a demon/warrior), big-bellied

Compound of mahā (great) and udara (belly).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+udara)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat, used in compounds.
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of vyalokayad.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √krudh (to be angry).

Root: √krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying Mahodara.

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Ravana) (the king (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of dṛśya.

दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √dṛś (to see), similar to verse 127368. In epic Sanskrit, often used as an absolutive form.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

धर्षितम् (dharṣitam) - humiliated (referring to the king) (humiliated, assaulted, violated, defeated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharṣita

dharṣita - assaulted, humiliated, defeated, violated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √dhṛṣ (to dare, attack, overcome).

Root: √dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Adjective modifying rājānam.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -tvā.

Root: √tyaj (class 1)

Note: absolutive

मृत्यु-भयम् (mṛtyu-bhayam) - the fear of death (fear of death)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛtyu-bhaya

mṛtyu-bhaya - fear of death

Compound of mṛtyu (death) and bhaya (fear).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+bhaya)

• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √mṛ (to die).
  Root: √mṛ (class 6)
• bhaya – fear, terror
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √bhī (to fear).
  Root: √bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of tyaktvā.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - a hero (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty man

युद्ध-काङ्क्षी (yuddha-kāṅkṣī) - eager for battle (desirous of battle, eager for war)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuddha-kāṅkṣin

yuddha-kāṅkṣin - desirous of battle, eager for war

Compound of yuddha (battle) and kāṅkṣin (desirous).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (yuddha+kāṅkṣin)

• yuddha – battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle used as a noun
  Derived from √yudh (to fight).
  Root: √yudh (class 4)
• kāṅkṣin – desirous, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from √kāṅkṣ
  Derived from √kāṅkṣ (to desire) with suffix -in.
  Root: √kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying Mahodara.

व्यलोकयद् (vyalokayad) - he gazed upon (him, Ravana) (he looked at, he beheld, he observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (Laṅ) of √lok

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root √lok (class 10, lokayati) with prefixes vi- and ava-.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: √lok (class 10)