वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-67, verse-38

अयुध्यमानं प्रच्छन्नं प्राञ्जलिं शरणागतम् ।
पलायन्तं प्रमत्तं वा न त्वं हन्तुमिहार्हसि ॥३८॥

38. ayudhyamānaṃ pracchannaṃ prāñjaliṃ śaraṇāgatam ,
palāyantaṃ pramattaṃ vā na tvaṃ hantumihārhasi.

38. ayudhyamānam pracchannam prāñjalim śaraṇāgatam
palāyantam pramattam vā na tvam hantum iha arhasi

38. tvam iha ayudhyamānam pracchannam prāñjalim
śaraṇāgatam palāyantam pramattam vā hantum na arhasi

38. You should not kill here one who is not fighting, one who is hidden, one who has clasped his hands in supplication, one who has sought refuge, or one who is fleeing, or one who is heedless.

Words meanings summery:

• अयुध्यमानम् (ayudhyamānam) - one who is not fighting

• प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - hidden, concealed

• प्राञ्जलिम् (prāñjalim) - one who has clasped hands in reverence/supplication

• शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - one who has come for refuge, refugee

• पलायन्तम् (palāyantam) - one who is fleeing, escaping

• प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - one who is inattentive or careless (and thus vulnerable) (heedless, careless, intoxicated)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Lakshmana) (you)

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

अयुध्यमानम् (ayudhyamānam) - one who is not fighting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ayudhyamāna

ayudhyamāna - not fighting, not engaged in battle

Present Middle Participle (negative)

Derived from root √yudh (to fight) with prefix a- (negation) and present middle participle suffix -māna.

Prefix: a

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - hidden, concealed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pracchanna

pracchanna - hidden, concealed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √chad (to cover) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 1)

प्राञ्जलिम् (prāñjalim) - one who has clasped hands in reverence/supplication

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with clasped hands, supplicating, respectful

Compound (pra- + añjali).

Prefix: pra

Root: añj (class 7)

शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - one who has come for refuge, refugee

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraṇāgata

śaraṇāgata - one who has come for refuge, seeker of protection

Past Passive Participle (in compound)

Tatpuruṣa compound of śaraṇa (refuge) and āgata (come, PPP of ā + √gam).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaraṇa+āgata)

• śaraṇa – refuge, shelter, protection
  noun (neuter)
• āgata – come, arrived
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √gam (to go) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

पलायन्तम् (palāyantam) - one who is fleeing, escaping

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of palāyant

palāyant - fleeing, escaping, running away

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root √palāy (to flee).

Root: palāy (class 1)

प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - one who is inattentive or careless (and thus vulnerable) (heedless, careless, intoxicated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pramatta

pramatta - heedless, careless, negligent, intoxicated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mad (to be excited, intoxicated) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Lakshmana) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, to strike

(verb)

active, infinitive of han

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root √han.

Root: han (class 2)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Indicative

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice.

Root: arh (class 1)

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