वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-67, verse-1

मकराक्षं हतं श्रुत्वा रावणः समितिंजयः ।
आदिदेशाथ संक्रुद्धो रणायेन्द्रजितं सुतम् ॥१॥

1. makarākṣaṃ hataṃ śrutvā rāvaṇaḥ samitiṃjayaḥ ,
ādideśātha saṃkruddho raṇāyendrajitaṃ sutam.

1. makarākṣam hatam śrutvā rāvaṇaḥ samitiñjayaḥ
ādiddeśa atha saṃkruddhaḥ raṇāya indrajitam sutam

1. samitiñjayaḥ saṃkruddhaḥ rāvaṇaḥ makarākṣam hatam
śrutvā atha sutam indrajitam raṇāya ādiddeśa

1. Upon hearing that Makarakṣa had been killed, Rāvaṇa, the conqueror in battle, became greatly enraged and then commanded his son, Indrajit, to go forth for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• मकराक्षम् (makarākṣam) - Son of Khara, killed by Rāma. (Makarakṣa (name of a demon))

• हतम् (hatam) - Refers to Makarakṣa being killed. (killed, struck down)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

• समितिञ्जयः (samitiñjayaḥ) - An epithet for Rāvaṇa. (conqueror in battle)

• आदिद्देश (ādiddeśa) - he commanded, he ordered

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - Describes Rāvaṇa's state. (greatly enraged, furious)

• रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, to battle

• इन्द्रजितम् (indrajitam) - Rāvaṇa's powerful son, also known as Meghanāda. (Indrajit (name of Rāvaṇa's son))

• सुतम् (sutam) - Refers to Indrajit, Rāvaṇa's son. (son)

Words meanings and morphology

मकराक्षम् (makarākṣam) - Son of Khara, killed by Rāma. (Makarakṣa (name of a demon))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of makarākṣa

makarākṣa - Makarakṣa (lit. 'crocodile-eyed', name of a demon, son of Khara)

Compound of makara (crocodile) and akṣa (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (makara+akṣa)

• makara – crocodile, sea-monster
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of "hatam".

हतम् (hatam) - Refers to Makarakṣa being killed. (killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, smitten, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with "makarākṣam".

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Null for gender, number, case, person as it is an indeclinable absolutive.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

समितिञ्जयः (samitiñjayaḥ) - An epithet for Rāvaṇa. (conqueror in battle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samitiñjaya

samitiñjaya - victorious in battle, conqueror of battle arrays

Compound of samiti (battle, assembly) and jaya (victory, conquering).

Compound type : tatpurusha (samiti+jaya)

• samiti – battle, assembly, encounter
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
• jaya – victory, conquering, victor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "rāvaṇaḥ".

आदिद्देश (ādiddeśa) - he commanded, he ordered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of ādiś

Perfect tense

From root diś (to point) with prefix ā. Reduplicated perfect form.

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating sequence.

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - Describes Rāvaṇa's state. (greatly enraged, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious, highly provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry) with prefixes sam and pra.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with "rāvaṇaḥ".

रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, to battle

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

इन्द्रजितम् (indrajitam) - Rāvaṇa's powerful son, also known as Meghanāda. (Indrajit (name of Rāvaṇa's son))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indrajit

indrajit - vanquisher of Indra, Indrajit (name of Rāvaṇa's son)

Compound of Indra (name of a deity) and jit (conquered).

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+jit)

• indra – Indra (name of a Vedic deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jit – conquered, vanquished, victor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (from ji 'to conquer')
  Derived from root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of "ādiddeśa".

सुतम् (sutam) - Refers to Indrajit, Rāvaṇa's son. (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

From root sū (to beget, give birth).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Agrees with "indrajitam".

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