वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-67, verse-33

तेनातिविद्धौ तौ वीरौ रुक्मपुङ्खैः सुसंहतैः ।
बभूवतुर्दाशरथी पुष्पिताविव किंशुकौ ॥३३॥

33. tenātividdhau tau vīrau rukmapuṅkhaiḥ susaṃhataiḥ ,
babhūvaturdāśarathī puṣpitāviva kiṃśukau.

33. tena atividdhau tau vīrau rukmapuṅkhaiḥ susaṃhataiḥ
babhūvatuḥ dāśarathī puṣpitau iva kiṃśukau

33. tena atividdhau tau vīrau dāśarathī rukmapuṅkhaiḥ
susaṃhataiḥ puṣpitau kiṃśukau iva babhūvatuḥ

33. Those two heroes, the sons of Daśaratha, severely wounded by his firmly embedded, gold-feathered arrows, appeared like two blooming palāśa (kiṃśuka) trees.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by Rāvaṇa's son (by him)

• अतिविद्धौ (atividdhau) - severely pierced/wounded

• तौ (tau) - those two

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-feathered (arrows)

• सुसंहतैः (susaṁhataiḥ) - firmly embedded (arrows) (well-joined, firmly fixed (arrows))

• बभूवतुः (babhūvatuḥ) - they became

• दाशरथी (dāśarathī) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two sons of Daśaratha)

• पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - two blooming (ones)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two palāśa trees

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by Rāvaṇa's son (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अतिविद्धौ (atividdhau) - severely pierced/wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of atividdha

atividdha - severely pierced, deeply wounded

past passive participle

Compound of 'ati' (exceedingly) and 'viddha' (pierced, from √vyadh).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+viddha)

• ati – exceedingly, greatly
  indeclinable
• viddha – pierced, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root √vyadh (to pierce).
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-feathered (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - golden-feathered, having golden feathers/shafts (referring to arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feather, shaft (of an arrow)
  noun (masculine)

सुसंहतैः (susaṁhataiḥ) - firmly embedded (arrows) (well-joined, firmly fixed (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of susaṃhata

susaṁhata - well-joined, firmly fixed, compact, strong

past passive participle

Compound of 'su' (well) and 'saṃhata' (joined, struck, from √han with sam).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+saṃhata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• saṃhata – joined, struck, firm, dense
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root √han (to strike, unite) with prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

बभूवतुः (babhūvatuḥ) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of √bhū

perfect tense form

3rd person dual perfect active of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

दाशरथी (dāśarathī) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (the two sons of Daśaratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dāśarathi

dāśarathi - son of Daśaratha

Patronymic from Daśaratha.

पुष्पितौ (puṣpitau) - two blooming (ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puṣpita

puṣpita - bloomed, flowered, covered with flowers

past passive participle

Derived from root √puṣp (to bloom, blossom) with past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: puṣp (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

किंशुकौ (kiṁśukau) - two palāśa trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kiṃśuka

kiṁśuka - palāśa tree (Butea monosperma), a tree with bright red flowers

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