वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-67, verse-30

अतिमात्रं शरौघेण पीड्यमानौ नरोत्तमौ ।
तानिषून्पततो भल्लैरनेकैर्निचकर्ततुः ॥३०॥

30. atimātraṃ śaraugheṇa pīḍyamānau narottamau ,
tāniṣūnpatato bhallairanekairnicakartatuḥ.

30. atimātram śaraugheṇa pīḍyamānau narottamau
tān iṣūn patataḥ bhallaiḥ anekaiḥ nicakartatuḥ

30. śaraugheṇa atimātram pīḍyamānau narottamau
anekaiḥ bhallaiḥ tān patataḥ iṣūn nicakartatuḥ

30. Though greatly afflicted by the flood of arrows, those two best among men (narottamau) countered those falling arrows by severing them with many sharp (broad-headed) arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अतिमात्रम् (atimātram) - excessively, greatly, in great measure

• शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a multitude of arrows, by a flood of arrows

• पीड्यमानौ (pīḍyamānau) - being tormented, being afflicted

• नरोत्तमौ (narottamau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the two excellent men (two best among men, two excellent men)

• तान् (tān) - those arrows (of the opponent) (those)

• इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

• पततः (patataḥ) - falling arrows (falling, flying)

• भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - by sharp arrows, by broad-headed arrows

• अनेकैः (anekaiḥ) - by many, by numerous

• निचकर्ततुः (nicakartatuḥ) - they two cut down, they two severed

Words meanings and morphology

अतिमात्रम् (atimātram) - excessively, greatly, in great measure

(indeclinable)

Prefix 'ati' (excessive) + 'mātra' (measure)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+mātra)

• ati – over, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• mātra – measure, quantity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mā (class 2)

शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a multitude of arrows, by a flood of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaraugha

śaraugha - flood of arrows, multitude of arrows

Compound 'śara' (arrow) + 'ogha' (flood, multitude)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  Root: uh

Note: Agent of 'pīḍyamānau'.

पीड्यमानौ (pīḍyamānau) - being tormented, being afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pīḍyamāna

pīḍyamāna - being tormented, being afflicted

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pīḍ' (to torment, oppress) with passive 'ya' and suffix 'māna'

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'narottamau'.

नरोत्तमौ (narottamau) - Rama and Lakshmana, the two excellent men (two best among men, two excellent men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of narottama

narottama - best among men, excellent man

Compound 'nara' (man) + 'uttama' (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+uttama)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'ud'

Note: Subject of 'nicakartatuḥ'.

तान् (tān) - those arrows (of the opponent) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the opponent's arrows.

इषून् (iṣūn) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

Root: iṣ

Note: Object of 'nicakartatuḥ'.

पततः (patataḥ) - falling arrows (falling, flying)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall, fly) with suffix 'śatṛ'

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'iṣūn'.

भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - by sharp arrows, by broad-headed arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhalla

bhalla - broad-headed arrow, sharp arrow

Note: Instrument of 'nicakartatuḥ'.

अनेकैः (anekaiḥ) - by many, by numerous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aneka

aneka - many, numerous (lit. 'not one')

Compound 'a' (not) + 'eka' (one)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+eka)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• eka – one, single
  adjective (masculine)

निचकर्ततुः (nicakartatuḥ) - they two cut down, they two severed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of kṛt

Perfect

Reduplicated stem with prefix 'ni', 3rd person dual, parasmaipada

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛt (class 6)

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