वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-67, verse-31

यतो हि ददृशाते तौ शरान्निपतिताञ् शितान् ।
ततस्ततो दाशरथी ससृजाते ऽस्त्रमुत्तमम् ॥३१॥

31. yato hi dadṛśāte tau śarānnipatitāñ śitān ,
tatastato dāśarathī sasṛjāte'stramuttamam.

31. yataḥ hi dadṛśāte tau śarān nipatitān śitān
tataḥ tataḥ dāśarathī sasṛjāte astram uttamam

31. yataḥ hi tau śitān nipatitān śarān dadṛśāte
tataḥ tataḥ dāśarathī uttamam astram sasṛjāte

31. Indeed, wherever those two (Rama and Lakshmana) saw sharp, falling arrows, from those very directions the two sons of Daśaratha (Dāśarathī) released their excellent missiles.

Words meanings summery:

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, wherever, because

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• ददृशाते (dadṛśāte) - they two saw, they two perceived

• तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two, they two)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• निपतितान् (nipatitān) - arrows that are falling (falling, descended, fallen)

• शितान् (śitān) - sharp arrows (sharp, sharpened, whetted)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that direction (from there, from that side, then)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that specific direction (from there, from that side, then)

• दाशरथी (dāśarathī) - Rama and Lakshmana (the two sons of Daśaratha)

• ससृजाते (sasṛjāte) - they two released, they two created

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile, arrow

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

Words meanings and morphology

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, wherever, because

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix 'tas' added to pronoun 'ya'

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

ददृशाते (dadṛśāte) - they two saw, they two perceived

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect

Reduplicated stem, 3rd person dual, ātmanepada

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'tau'.

तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ

Note: Object of 'dadṛśāte'.

निपतितान् (nipatitān) - arrows that are falling (falling, descended, fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śarān'. Implies arrows that are currently falling.

शितान् (śitān) - sharp arrows (sharp, sharpened, whetted)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, sharpened, whetted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen)

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śarān'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from that direction (from there, from that side, then)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix 'tas' added to pronoun 'tad'

ततः (tataḥ) - from that specific direction (from there, from that side, then)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix 'tas' added to pronoun 'tad'

दाशरथी (dāśarathī) - Rama and Lakshmana (the two sons of Daśaratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dāśarathi

dāśarathi - son of Daśaratha (Rama or Lakshmana)

Patronymic from Daśaratha

Note: Subject of 'sasṛjāte'.

ससृजाते (sasṛjāte) - they two released, they two created

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, perfect (lit) of sṛj

Perfect

Reduplicated stem, 3rd person dual, ātmanepada

Root: sṛj (class 6)

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile, arrow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, arrow

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'sasṛjāte'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, highest, foremost

Superlative degree of 'ud'

Note: Qualifies 'astram'.

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