वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-33, verse-37

लाघवेन तु संयुक्तो विद्युन्माली निशाचरः ।
अपक्रम्य रथात्तूर्णं गदापाणिः क्षितौ स्थितः ॥३७॥

37. lāghavena tu saṃyukto vidyunmālī niśācaraḥ ,
apakramya rathāttūrṇaṃ gadāpāṇiḥ kṣitau sthitaḥ.

37. lāghavena tu saṃyuktaḥ vidyunmālī niśācaraḥ
apakramya rathāt tūrṇam gadāpāṇiḥ kṣitau sthitaḥ

37. tu lāghavena saṃyuktaḥ niśācaraḥ vidyunmālī
rathāt apakramya tūrṇam gadāpāṇiḥ kṣitau sthitaḥ

37. But the demon (niśācara) Vidyunmālī, endowed with agility, quickly moved away from the chariot and stood on the ground, holding a mace.

Words meanings summery:

• लाघवेन (lāghavena) - with lightness, with agility, quickly

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

• संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with (agility) (joined, united, endowed with)

• विद्युन्माली (vidyunmālī) - Vidyunmālī (name of a demon)

• निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - demon (rākṣasa) (night-walker, demon (rākṣasa))

• अपक्रम्य (apakramya) - having moved away, having retreated

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - mace-in-hand, holding a mace

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (stood, standing, situated)

Words meanings and morphology

लाघवेन (lāghavena) - with lightness, with agility, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, swiftness, agility

From laghu (light, swift).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

(indeclinable)

संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with (agility) (joined, united, endowed with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, connected, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam + root yuj.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies Vidyunmālī.

विद्युन्माली (vidyunmālī) - Vidyunmālī (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyunmālī

vidyunmālī - adorned with lightning; name of a demon

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vidyut+mālin)

• vidyut – lightning, flash of light
  noun (feminine)
• mālin – having a garland, adorned, wearing a necklace
  adjective (masculine)
  From mālā (garland)

निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - demon (rākṣasa) (night-walker, demon (rākṣasa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-walker, demon, rākṣasa

Compound of niśā (night) and cara (moving, walking).

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going, a rover
  adjective (masculine)
  From root car (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Vidyunmālī.

अपक्रम्य (apakramya) - having moved away, having retreated

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix apa + root kram + suffix -ya.

Prefix: apa

Root: kram (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Denotes separation.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Derived from root tvar (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies apakramya and sthitaḥ.

गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - mace-in-hand, holding a mace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gadāpāṇi

gadāpāṇi - having a mace in hand

Bahuvrihi compound: gadā (mace) + pāṇi (hand).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gadā+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Vidyunmālī.

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, soil

From root kṣi (to dwell).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Denotes location.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (stood, standing, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, stood, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Vidyunmālī.