वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-33, verse-31

स शरैरतिविद्धाङ्गो द्विविदः क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
सालेन सरथं साश्वं निजघानाशनिप्रभम् ॥३१॥

31. sa śarairatividdhāṅgo dvividaḥ krodhamūrchitaḥ ,
sālena sarathaṃ sāśvaṃ nijaghānāśaniprabham.

31. saḥ śaraiḥ atividdhāṅgaḥ dvividaḥ krodhamūrcchitaḥ
sālena saratham sāśvam nijaghāna aśaniprabham

31. dvividaḥ saḥ śaraiḥ atividdhāṅgaḥ krodhamūrcchitaḥ
sālena aśaniprabham saratham sāśvam nijaghāna

31. His body excessively pierced by arrows, Dvivida, overcome with rage, struck down the enemy, who shone like a thunderbolt, along with his chariot and horses, using a sala tree.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Dvivida) (he, that)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• अतिविद्धाङ्गः (atividdhāṅgaḥ) - whose body is excessively pierced

• द्विविदः (dvividaḥ) - Dvivida (name of a monkey general)

• क्रोधमूर्च्छितः (krodhamūrcchitaḥ) - overwhelmed by rage, swooning with anger

• सालेन (sālena) - with a sala tree, by a sala tree

• सरथम् (saratham) - along with the chariot

• साश्वम् (sāśvam) - along with the horses

• निजघान (nijaghāna) - struck down, killed

• अशनिप्रभम् (aśaniprabham) - shining like a thunderbolt

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Dvivida) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dvivida.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

अतिविद्धाङ्गः (atividdhāṅgaḥ) - whose body is excessively pierced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atividdhāṅga

atividdhāṅga - whose body is excessively pierced

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ati+viddha+aṅga)

• ati – excessively, very
  indeclinable
• viddha – pierced, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vyadh (to pierce, strike)
  Root: vyadh (class 4)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Dvivida.

द्विविदः (dvividaḥ) - Dvivida (name of a monkey general)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvivida

dvivida - Dvivida (name of a monkey general)

क्रोधमूर्च्छितः (krodhamūrcchitaḥ) - overwhelmed by rage, swooning with anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrcchita

krodhamūrcchita - overwhelmed by rage

compound adjective

Compound type : tatpurusha (krodha+mūrcchita)

• krodha – anger, rage
  noun (masculine)
• mūrcchita – fainted, unconscious, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √mūrcch (to swoon, faint)
  Root: mūrcch (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Dvivida.

सालेन (sālena) - with a sala tree, by a sala tree

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sāla

sāla - sala tree (Shorea robusta)

Note: Instrument used by Dvivida.

सरथम् (saratham) - along with the chariot

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saratha

saratha - with a chariot

bahuvrihi compound formed with 'sa' (with) and 'ratha' (chariot)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+ratha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied enemy.

साश्वम् (sāśvam) - along with the horses

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāśva

sāśva - with horses

bahuvrihi compound formed with 'sa' (with) and 'aśva' (horse)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+aśva)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied enemy, parallel to 'saratham'.

निजघान (nijaghāna) - struck down, killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of nijaghāna

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice, 'ni' is an upasarga (not part of the root but often appears with it)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

अशनिप्रभम् (aśaniprabham) - shining like a thunderbolt

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśaniprabha

aśaniprabha - shining like a thunderbolt, lightning-like

compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrihi/tatpurusha (aśani+prabha)

• aśani – thunderbolt, lightning
  noun (feminine)
• prabha – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies the implied enemy.