वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-18, verse-3

प्रगृहीताः प्रकाशन्ते सूर्यस्येव मरीचयः ।
पृथिव्यां चानुकृष्यन्ते हरो नामैष यूथपः ॥३॥

3. pragṛhītāḥ prakāśante sūryasyeva marīcayaḥ ,
pṛthivyāṃ cānukṛṣyante haro nāmaiṣa yūthapaḥ.

3. pragṛhītāḥ prakāśante sūryasya iva marīcayaḥ
pṛthivyām ca anukṛṣyante haraḥ nāma eṣaḥ yūthapaḥ

3. pragṛhītāḥ (bālāḥ) sūryasya marīcayaḥ iva prakāśante
ca pṛthivyām anukṛṣyante eṣaḥ yūthapaḥ haraḥ nāma

3. When held, these (hairs) shine like the sun's rays, and they are dragged along the earth. This commander is named Hara.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रगृहीताः (pragṛhītāḥ) - when held, seized, grasped

• प्रकाशन्ते (prakāśante) - they shine, they appear, they are visible

• सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun, sun's

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मरीचयः (marīcayaḥ) - rays of light, beams

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• च (ca) - and

• अनुकृष्यन्ते (anukṛṣyante) - they are dragged along, they are pulled along

• हरः (haraḥ) - the commander named Hara (Hara (a name))

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - troop leader, commander

Words meanings and morphology

प्रगृहीताः (pragṛhītāḥ) - when held, seized, grasped

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pragṛhīta

pragṛhīta - held, seized, grasped, taken

Past Passive Participle

From pra (prefix) + grah (root to seize) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Adjective (predicative) qualifying the implied subject (bālāḥ).

प्रकाशन्ते (prakāśante) - they shine, they appear, they are visible

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of prakāś

From pra (prefix) + kāś (root to shine)

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Its subject is implicitly `bālāḥ` (hairs).

सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun, sun's

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun

Note: Possessive, qualifying `marīcayaḥ`.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

मरीचयः (marīcayaḥ) - rays of light, beams

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of marīci

marīci - ray of light, beam

Note: The object of comparison.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Note: Locative of place.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अनुकृष्यन्ते (anukṛṣyante) - they are dragged along, they are pulled along

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (lat) of anukṛṣ

From anu (prefix) + kṛṣ (root to drag)

Prefix: anu

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Its subject is implicitly `bālāḥ` (hairs).

हरः (haraḥ) - the commander named Hara (Hara (a name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hara

hara - Hara (a proper name, often an epithet of Shiva; here, a monkey commander)

Note: Name of the commander.

नाम (nāma) - named, by name

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the name with the person.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to the commander.

यूथपः (yūthapaḥ) - troop leader, commander

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yūthapa

yūthapa - leader of a herd/troop/horde, commander

From yūtha (group, herd) + pa (protector, keeper)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – herd, troop, group, multitude
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, keeper, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect, to guard)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative with `eṣaḥ`.