वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-18, verse-29

वातेनेवोद्धतं मेघं यमेनमनुपश्यसि ।
विवर्तमानं बहुशो यत्रैतद्बहुलं रजः ॥२९॥

29. vātenevoddhataṃ meghaṃ yamenamanupaśyasi ,
vivartamānaṃ bahuśo yatraitadbahulaṃ rajaḥ.

29. vātena iva uddhatam megham yamam enam anupaśyasi
vivartamānam bahuśaḥ yatra etat bahulam rajaḥ

29. enam yamam vātena iva uddhatam megham anupaśyasi
yatra etat bahulam rajaḥ bahuśaḥ vivartamānam

29. You see him as Yama (yama), like a cloud agitated by the wind, swirling repeatedly where there is abundant dust.

Words meanings summery:

• वातेन (vātena) - by the force of the wind (by the wind)

• इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

• उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - stirred up [by the wind] (agitated, stirred up, arrogant)

• मेघम् (megham) - a cloud [as a simile] (cloud)

• यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death) [as a comparison] (Yama (God of Death))

• एनम् (enam) - him [the chieftain being described] (him, this one)

• अनुपश्यसि (anupaśyasi) - you see [him] (you see, you perceive)

• विवर्तमानम् (vivartamānam) - swirling [in battle] (turning around, swirling, revolving)

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (many times, frequently, in many ways)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which case)

• एतत् (etat) - this [dust] (this)

• बहुलम् (bahulam) - abundant (abundant, thick, dense)

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust [stirred up by battle] (dust, pollen, impurity, passion (rajas guṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

वातेन (vātena) - by the force of the wind (by the wind)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air

इव (iva) - as if (as, like, as if)

(indeclinable)

उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - stirred up [by the wind] (agitated, stirred up, arrogant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uddhata

uddhata - agitated, stirred up, lifted up, arrogant

Past Passive Participle

From 'ud' + √han (to strike, to throw up). The past participle form of 'uddhṛ' or 'uddhau'. Pāṇini: ud-√han; 'uddhata' from ud-√hṛ with change

Prefix: ud

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'megham'

मेघम् (megham) - a cloud [as a simile] (cloud)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud

From √mih (to sprinkle, wet)

Root: √mih (class 1)

यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death) [as a comparison] (Yama (God of Death))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama, the god of death, controller, twin

From √yam (to restrain, control)

Root: √yam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the deity Yama

एनम् (enam) - him [the chieftain being described] (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the warrior

अनुपश्यसि (anupaśyasi) - you see [him] (you see, you perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

From 'anu' + √dṛś. Root 'dṛś' takes 'paśya' stem in present tense

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विवर्तमानम् (vivartamānam) - swirling [in battle] (turning around, swirling, revolving)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivartamāna

vivartamāna - turning, revolving, existing, changing

Present Middle Participle

From 'vi' + √vṛt (to turn, exist)

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'enam'

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - repeatedly (many times, frequently, in many ways)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ from 'bahu' (much, many)

Note: Modifies 'vivartamānam'

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a locative clause

एतत् (etat) - this [dust] (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

बहुलम् (bahulam) - abundant (abundant, thick, dense)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahula

bahula - abundant, numerous, thick

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust [stirred up by battle] (dust, pollen, impurity, passion (rajas guṇa))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, impurity, passion

Note: Subject of the clause