वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-18, verse-12

स एष जाम्बवान्नाम महायूथपयूथपः ।
प्रशान्तो गुरुवर्ती च संप्रहारेष्वमर्षणः ॥१२॥

12. sa eṣa jāmbavānnāma mahāyūthapayūthapaḥ ,
praśānto guruvartī ca saṃprahāreṣvamarṣaṇaḥ.

12. saḥ eṣaḥ jāmbavān nāma mahāyūthapayūthapaḥ
praśāntaḥ guruvartī ca saṃprahāreṣu amarṣaṇaḥ

12. saḥ eṣaḥ nāma jāmbavān mahāyūthapayūthapaḥ
praśāntaḥ ca guruvartī ca saṃprahāreṣu amarṣaṇaḥ

12. This is Jāmbavān, the chief of the great commanders. He is peaceful and respectful of his elders, but becomes fierce in conflicts.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one

• जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jāmbavān (a bear king)

• नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, indeed, verily, called)

• महायूथपयूथपः (mahāyūthapayūthapaḥ) - chief of the great troop leaders, head of the great commanders

• प्रशान्तः (praśāntaḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

• गुरुवर्ती (guruvartī) - respectful of his elders (obedient to elders/teachers, respectful of guru)

• च (ca) - and

• संप्रहारेषु (saṁprahāreṣu) - in conflicts (in battles, in conflicts, in encounters)

• अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - fierce (not enduring/tolerating in battle) (furious, intolerant, impatient, fierce)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative masculine singular of 'tad'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

Note: Nominative masculine singular of 'etad'.

जाम्बवान् (jāmbavān) - Jāmbavān (a bear king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmbavat

jāmbavat - Jāmbavān

Note: Nominative singular of the proper noun 'Jāmbavat'.

नाम (nāma) - by name (by name, indeed, verily, called)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here to mean 'by name' or 'called'.

महायूथपयूथपः (mahāyūthapayūthapaḥ) - chief of the great troop leaders, head of the great commanders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyūthapayūthapa

mahāyūthapayūthapa - chief of the great troop leaders

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+yūthapa+yūthapa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• yūthapa – troop leader, commander
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – troop leader, chief (when repeated in a compound like this)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative masculine singular.

प्रशान्तः (praśāntaḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praśānta

praśānta - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted

Past Passive Participle

From root śam (to be calm) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam

Note: Nominative masculine singular.

गुरुवर्ती (guruvartī) - respectful of his elders (obedient to elders/teachers, respectful of guru)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guruvartin

guruvartin - obedient to a guru or elder, respectful to teachers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+vartin)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor, elder, heavy
  noun (masculine)
• vartin – abiding, acting, being engaged in, following
  adjective
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Nominative masculine singular.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

संप्रहारेषु (saṁprahāreṣu) - in conflicts (in battles, in conflicts, in encounters)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃprahāra

saṁprahāra - battle, combat, conflict, striking together

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative plural.

अमर्षणः (amarṣaṇaḥ) - fierce (not enduring/tolerating in battle) (furious, intolerant, impatient, fierce)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣaṇa

amarṣaṇa - intolerant, impatient, furious, fierce

From root mṛṣ (to endure) with negative prefix 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Nominative masculine singular.