वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-18, verse-2

स्निग्धा यस्य बहुश्यामा बाला लाङ्गूलमाश्रिताः ।
ताम्राः पीताः सिताः श्वेताः प्रकीर्णा घोरकर्मणः ॥२॥

2. snigdhā yasya bahuśyāmā bālā lāṅgūlamāśritāḥ ,
tāmrāḥ pītāḥ sitāḥ śvetāḥ prakīrṇā ghorakarmaṇaḥ.

2. snigdhāḥ yasya bahuśyāmāḥ bālāḥ lāṅgūlam āśritāḥ
tāmrāḥ pītāḥ sitāḥ śvetāḥ prakīrṇāḥ ghorakarmaṇaḥ

2. yasya lāṅgūlam āśritāḥ snigdhāḥ bahuśyāmāḥ tāmrāḥ
pītāḥ sitāḥ śvetāḥ prakīrṇāḥ ghorakarmaṇaḥ bālāḥ

2. Whose smooth, very dark hairs cling to his tail, scattered with coppery, yellow, white, and bright white ones, these fearsome hairs.

Words meanings summery:

• स्निग्धाः (snigdhāḥ) - smooth, glossy, shining, soft

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• बहुश्यामाः (bahuśyāmāḥ) - very dark-colored, predominantly dark

• बालाः (bālāḥ) - hairs, bristles (of an animal's tail)

• लाङ्गूलम् (lāṅgūlam) - tail

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - clinging to, resorting to, dependent on, covering

• ताम्राः (tāmrāḥ) - coppery, reddish-brown

• पीताः (pītāḥ) - yellow

• सिताः (sitāḥ) - white, pale

• श्वेताः (śvetāḥ) - bright white, pure white

• प्रकीर्णाः (prakīrṇāḥ) - scattered, spread out

• घोरकर्मणः (ghorakarmaṇaḥ) - these fearsome (hairs) (of terrible deeds, fearsome, dreadful (in appearance/action))

Words meanings and morphology

स्निग्धाः (snigdhāḥ) - smooth, glossy, shining, soft

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of snigdha

snigdha - smooth, glossy, soft, tender, affectionate

Past Passive Participle (secondary meaning)

From root snih (to be sticky, to be affectionate)

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the commander being described.

बहुश्यामाः (bahuśyāmāḥ) - very dark-colored, predominantly dark

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahuśyāma

bahuśyāma - very dark, mostly dark

Compound of bahu (much, very) and śyāma (dark, blackish)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+śyāma)

• bahu – much, many, very
  adjective (masculine)
• śyāma – dark, blackish, dark-blue, dark-green
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

बालाः (bālāḥ) - hairs, bristles (of an animal's tail)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - hair, mane, tail-hair, bristle

Note: Subject of the clause.

लाङ्गूलम् (lāṅgūlam) - tail

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāṅgūla

lāṅgūla - tail

Note: Object of the verb implicit in `āśritāḥ` (clinging to).

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - clinging to, resorting to, dependent on, covering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - clinging to, resting on, resorting to, dependent

Past Passive Participle

From ā (prefix) + śri (root to resort to, cling) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

ताम्राः (tāmrāḥ) - coppery, reddish-brown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmra

tāmra - coppery, reddish-brown

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

पीताः (pītāḥ) - yellow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pīta

pīta - yellow, pale, drunk (from root pā)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

सिताः (sitāḥ) - white, pale

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sita

sita - white, pale, tied, bound

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

श्वेताः (śvetāḥ) - bright white, pure white

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śveta

śveta - white, pure white, fair

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

प्रकीर्णाः (prakīrṇāḥ) - scattered, spread out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prakīrṇa

prakīrṇa - scattered, spread out, diffused

Past Passive Participle

From pra (prefix) + kīr (root to scatter) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.

घोरकर्मणः (ghorakarmaṇaḥ) - these fearsome (hairs) (of terrible deeds, fearsome, dreadful (in appearance/action))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghorakarman

ghorakarman - having dreadful actions, terrible-doer, fearsome

Compound of ghora (terrible) and karman (action, deed)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ghora+karman)

• ghora – terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – action, deed, work, effect
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective qualifying `bālāḥ`.