वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-25, verse-18

ततः प्रकृतयः सर्वा दृष्ट्वा हरिगणेश्वरम् ।
प्रणम्य मूर्ध्ना पतिता वसुधायां समाहिताः ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvā dṛṣṭvā harigaṇeśvaram ,
praṇamya mūrdhnā patitā vasudhāyāṃ samāhitāḥ.

18. tataḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvāḥ dṛṣṭvā harigaṇeśvaram
praṇamya mūrdhnā patitāḥ vasudhāyām samāhitāḥ

18. tataḥ sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ harigaṇeśvaram dṛṣṭvā
mūrdhnā praṇamya vasudhāyām samāhitāḥ patitāḥ

18. Then, all the subjects, having seen the lord of the monkey hosts, and having bowed down with their heads, fell prostrate on the ground respectfully.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the subjects/citizens (of the kingdom) (subjects, citizens, populace)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• हरिगणेश्वरम् (harigaṇeśvaram) - the lord of the monkey hosts (Sugriva) (the lord of the monkey hosts, chief of the monkey multitudes)

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head

• पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, prostrate

• वसुधायाम् (vasudhāyām) - on the ground, on the earth

• समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - composed, collected, attentive, respectfully

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

(indeclinable)

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - the subjects/citizens (of the kingdom) (subjects, citizens, populace)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature (prakṛti), origin, primary matter, subjects (of a king), constituents of a kingdom

From `pra-kṛ` (to make, do) + `kti` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `prakṛtayaḥ`.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) + `tvā` (absolutive suffix).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हरिगणेश्वरम् (harigaṇeśvaram) - the lord of the monkey hosts (Sugriva) (the lord of the monkey hosts, chief of the monkey multitudes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harigaṇeśvara

harigaṇeśvara - lord of the monkey hosts

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+gaṇa+īśvara)

• hari – monkey; lion; Vishnu; sun
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, troop, group
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From `pra-nam` (to bow down, salute) + `ya` (absolutive suffix for verbs with prefixes).

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, summit

n-stem noun.

Note: Indicates the instrument of bowing.

पतिताः (patitāḥ) - fallen, prostrate

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, prostrate

Past Passive Participle

From root `pat` (to fall) + kta (PPP suffix).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `prakṛtayaḥ`.

वसुधायाम् (vasudhāyām) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - earth, ground, land

Note: Indicates place.

समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - composed, collected, attentive, respectfully

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - placed, fixed, composed, attentive, absorbed in meditation (dhyāna)

Past Passive Participle

From `sam-ā-dhā` (to place together, fix, compose) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `prakṛtayaḥ` and `patitāḥ`.