वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-25, verse-17

तं वानरसहस्राणि प्रविष्टं वानरेश्वरम् ।
अभिवाद्य प्रहृष्टानि सर्वतः पर्यवारयन् ॥१७॥

17. taṃ vānarasahasrāṇi praviṣṭaṃ vānareśvaram ,
abhivādya prahṛṣṭāni sarvataḥ paryavārayan.

17. tam vānarāsahasrāṇi praviṣṭam vānarēśvaram
abhivādya prahṛṣṭāni sarvataḥ paryavārayan

17. praviṣṭam tam vānarēśvaram vānarāsahasrāṇi
abhivādya prahṛṣṭāni sarvataḥ paryavārayan

17. Thousands of delighted monkeys, having saluted that lord of monkeys (Sugriva) who had entered, surrounded him from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Sugriva) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• वानरासहस्राणि (vānarāsahasrāṇi) - thousands of monkeys

• प्रविष्टम् (praviṣṭam) - having entered, who had entered

• वानरेश्वरम् (vānarēśvaram) - lord of monkeys (Sugriva) (lord of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, after saluting

• प्रहृष्टानि (prahṛṣṭāni) - delighted, overjoyed, joyful

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Sugriva) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sugriva.

वानरासहस्राणि (vānarāsahasrāṇi) - thousands of monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vānarāsahasra

vānarāsahasra - thousands of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+sahasra)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of paryavārayan.

प्रविष्टम् (praviṣṭam) - having entered, who had entered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, having entered

Past Passive Participle

From `pra-viś` (to enter) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `tam` and `vānarēśvaram`.

वानरेश्वरम् (vānarēśvaram) - lord of monkeys (Sugriva) (lord of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānarēśvara

vānarēśvara - lord of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+īśvara)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `paryavārayan`.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, after saluting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From `abhi-vad` (to salute, greet) + `ya` (absolutive suffix for verbs with prefixes).

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of `paryavārayan`.

प्रहृष्टानि (prahṛṣṭāni) - delighted, overjoyed, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, overjoyed, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From `pra-hṛṣ` (to be delighted) + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `vānarāsahasrāṇi`.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

From `sarva` (all) + `tas` (suffix indicating 'from').

Note: Adverb modifying `paryavārayan`.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of vṛ

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person plural, imperfect active. Causal form `vāraya` from `vṛ`.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)