मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-66, verse-12
एकदा तु गतोऽरण्ये विहरन्स धनुर्द्धरः ।
चकर्ष धनुरालोक्य वराहमतिदूरगम् ॥१२॥
चकर्ष धनुरालोक्य वराहमतिदूरगम् ॥१२॥
12. ekadā tu gato'raṇye viharansa dhanurddharaḥ .
cakarṣa dhanurālokya varāhamatidūragam.
cakarṣa dhanurālokya varāhamatidūragam.
12.
ekadā tu gataḥ araṇye viharan saḥ dhanurdharaḥ
cakarṣa dhanuḥ ālokya varāham atidūragam
cakarṣa dhanuḥ ālokya varāham atidūragam
12.
One day, while wandering in the forest, he, the archer, sighted a very distant boar and drew his bow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकदा (ekadā) - once, one time
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- गतः (gataḥ) - having gone (gone, went)
- अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest
- विहरन् (viharan) - wandering, roaming, sporting
- सः (saḥ) - the king (subject of the sentence) (he, that)
- धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - bow-bearer, archer
- चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - he drew his bow (for shooting) (he drew, he pulled)
- धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow
- आलोक्य (ālokya) - sighted (having seen, having perceived)
- वराहम् (varāham) - boar, wild hog
- अतिदूरगम् (atidūragam) - gone very far, very distant
Words meanings and morphology
एकदा (ekadā) - once, one time
(indeclinable)
From eka (one) + dā (suffix for time)
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
गतः (gataḥ) - having gone (gone, went)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gata
gata - gone, moved, attained, past
Past Passive Participle
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Used adjectivally to describe the subject (he).
अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya
araṇya - forest, wilderness
विहरन् (viharan) - wandering, roaming, sporting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viharad
viharad - wandering, roaming, sporting, enjoying
Present Active Participle
From vi + hṛ (to take, to carry, here with vi, to roam/sport)
Prefix: vi
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Adjective agreeing with the implicit subject (he).
सः (saḥ) - the king (subject of the sentence) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular
Note: Refers to the main subject.
धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - bow-bearer, archer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanurdhara
dhanurdhara - bow-bearer, archer, one who holds a bow
Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhanus+dhara)
- dhanus – bow
noun (neuter) - dhara – bearing, holding, carrying
adjective (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to hold)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Epithet for the king.
चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - he drew his bow (for shooting) (he drew, he pulled)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛṣ
Perfect tense
3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, perfect tense
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus
dhanus - bow, arc
Note: Object of 'cakarṣa'.
आलोक्य (ālokya) - sighted (having seen, having perceived)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From ā + lok (to see)
Prefix: ā
Root: lok (class 10)
वराहम् (varāham) - boar, wild hog
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of varāha
varāha - boar, wild hog
Note: Object of 'ālokya'.
अतिदूरगम् (atidūragam) - gone very far, very distant
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of atidūraga
atidūraga - going very far, very distant, far-off
From ati + dūra + gam
Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+dūra+ga)
- ati – very, excessively, beyond
indeclinable - dūra – far, distant, remote
adjective (masculine) - ga – going, moving, reaching
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun suffix
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)