मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-29, verse-5
गृहस्थमुपजीवन्ति ततस्तृप्तिं प्रयान्ति च ।
मुखं चास्य निरीक्षन्ते अपि नो दास्यतीति वै ॥५॥
मुखं चास्य निरीक्षन्ते अपि नो दास्यतीति वै ॥५॥
5. gṛhasthamupajīvanti tatastṛptiṃ prayānti ca .
mukhaṃ cāsya nirīkṣante api no dāsyatīti vai.
mukhaṃ cāsya nirīkṣante api no dāsyatīti vai.
5.
gṛhastham upajīvanti tataḥ tṛptim prayānti ca
mukham ca asya nirīkṣante api naḥ dāsyati iti vai
mukham ca asya nirīkṣante api naḥ dāsyati iti vai
5.
All these [beings] depend on the householder (gṛhastha), and through him they achieve satisfaction. Indeed, they look towards him, [thinking,] 'Will he not give to us?'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गृहस्थम् (gṛhastham) - The householder who maintains the householder's stage of life (gārhasthya āśrama). (the householder)
- उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they live upon, they depend on
- ततः (tataḥ) - From the householder's support. (then, thereafter, from that)
- तृप्तिम् (tṛptim) - satisfaction, contentment, gratification
- प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go, they attain, they reach
- च (ca) - and, also
- मुखम् (mukham) - face, mouth, front
- च (ca) - and, also
- अस्य (asya) - Of the householder. (his, of this (person))
- निरीक्षन्ते (nirīkṣante) - They anxiously await his generosity. (they look at, they observe, they await)
- अपि (api) - Introducing an interrogative clause ('whether'). (also, even, whether, if)
- नः (naḥ) - Refers to the collective group of dependent beings. (to us, our)
- दास्यति (dāsyati) - he will give
- इति (iti) - Marks the end of a direct quotation or thought. (thus, in this manner)
- वै (vai) - Adds emphasis. (indeed, certainly)
Words meanings and morphology
गृहस्थम् (gṛhastham) - The householder who maintains the householder's stage of life (gārhasthya āśrama). (the householder)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha
gṛhastha - householder, one abiding in a house
From gṛha (house) + stha (standing, abiding)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)
- gṛha – house, home
noun (masculine/neuter) - stha – standing, abiding, situated in
adjective
Agent noun from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Object of `upajīvanti`.
उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they live upon, they depend on
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv
Present Active
3rd person plural, present active, from root jīv (to live) with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Subject is the list of beings from the previous verse.
ततः (tataḥ) - From the householder's support. (then, thereafter, from that)
(indeclinable)
तृप्तिम् (tṛptim) - satisfaction, contentment, gratification
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tṛpti
tṛpti - satisfaction, contentment, gratification
From root tṛp (to be satisfied)
Root: tṛp (class 4)
Note: Object of `prayānti`.
प्रयान्ति (prayānti) - they go, they attain, they reach
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prayā
Present Active
3rd person plural, present active, from root yā (to go) with prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Subject is the list of beings from the previous verse.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
मुखम् (mukham) - face, mouth, front
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mukha
mukha - face, mouth, front, entrance
Note: Object of `nirīkṣante`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
अस्य (asya) - Of the householder. (his, of this (person))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this (pronoun)
Note: Refers to `gṛhastham`.
निरीक्षन्ते (nirīkṣante) - They anxiously await his generosity. (they look at, they observe, they await)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of nirīkṣ
Present Middle
3rd person plural, present middle, from root īkṣ (to see) with prefix nir
Prefix: nir
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Subject is the list of beings from the previous verse.
अपि (api) - Introducing an interrogative clause ('whether'). (also, even, whether, if)
(indeclinable)
नः (naḥ) - Refers to the collective group of dependent beings. (to us, our)
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of asmad
asmad - we (pronoun)
Note: Alternative form of asmat (dative plural).
दास्यति (dāsyati) - he will give
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dā
Future Active
3rd person singular, future active, from root dā
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Subject is the householder.
इति (iti) - Marks the end of a direct quotation or thought. (thus, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
वै (vai) - Adds emphasis. (indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)