मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-29, verse-39
कुटुम्बिना भोजनीयः समर्थे विभवे सति ।
श्रीमन्तं ज्ञातिमासाद्य यो ज्ञातिरवसीदति ॥३९॥
श्रीमन्तं ज्ञातिमासाद्य यो ज्ञातिरवसीदति ॥३९॥
39. kuṭumbinā bhojanīyaḥ samarthe vibhave sati .
śrīmantaṃ jñātimāsādya yo jñātiravasīdati.
śrīmantaṃ jñātimāsādya yo jñātiravasīdati.
39.
kuṭumbinā bhojanīyaḥ samarthe vibhave sati
śrīmantam jñātim āsādya yaḥ jñātiḥ avasīdati
śrīmantam jñātim āsādya yaḥ jñātiḥ avasīdati
39.
When sufficient means (vibhava) are available, a person deserving of food should be fed by a householder (kuṭumbin). Furthermore, any relative (jñāti) who falls into distress (avasīdati) after approaching a wealthy relative (jñāti) (should be helped by that wealthy relative).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कुटुम्बिना (kuṭumbinā) - by the householder
- भोजनीयः (bhojanīyaḥ) - a person deserving of food should be fed (should be fed, is to be fed)
- समर्थे (samarthe) - capable, able, sufficient
- विभवे (vibhave) - in means, in resources, in wealth
- सति (sati) - being, existing
- श्रीमन्तम् (śrīmantam) - wealthy, prosperous, glorious
- ज्ञातिम् (jñātim) - relative, kinsman
- आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having obtained
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- ज्ञातिः (jñātiḥ) - relative, kinsman
- अवसीदति (avasīdati) - falls into distress, perishes, sinks, becomes dejected
Words meanings and morphology
कुटुम्बिना (kuṭumbinā) - by the householder
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kuṭumbin
kuṭumbin - householder, head of a family
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'bhojanīyaḥ'.
भोजनीयः (bhojanīyaḥ) - a person deserving of food should be fed (should be fed, is to be fed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhojanīya
bhojanīya - to be fed, suitable for food
Gerundive
Root bhuj (to eat/feed) + anīyar (gerundive suffix)
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Gerundive used in a prescriptive sense. The masculine gender implies a specific (though unstated) person to be fed.
समर्थे (samarthe) - capable, able, sufficient
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of samartha
samartha - able, capable, competent, suitable, sufficient
Prefix: sam
Root: arth (class 10)
Note: Agrees with 'vibhave'.
विभवे (vibhave) - in means, in resources, in wealth
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vibhava
vibhava - means, resources, power, wealth
Prefix: vi
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'sati'.
सति (sati) - being, existing
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of sat
sat - being, existing, good, true
Present Active Participle
Root as (to be) + śatṛ (present participle suffix)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Present active participle of 'as' (to be). Forms a locative absolute: 'when there are means existing'.
श्रीमन्तम् (śrīmantam) - wealthy, prosperous, glorious
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śrīmat
śrīmat - prosperous, wealthy, glorious, beautiful
Derived from śrī (wealth, glory) + matup (possessive suffix)
Note: Agrees with 'jñātim'.
ज्ञातिम् (jñātim) - relative, kinsman
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jñāti
jñāti - relative, kinsman
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Object of 'āsādya'.
आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having obtained
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Prefix ā + root sad (to sit, go) + lyap (absolutive suffix)
Prefix: ā
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Absolutive form, indicating prior action.
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Relative pronoun, subject of 'avasīdati'.
ज्ञातिः (jñātiḥ) - relative, kinsman
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jñāti
jñāti - relative, kinsman
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Subject of 'avasīdati', referring to the same person as 'yaḥ'.
अवसीदति (avasīdati) - falls into distress, perishes, sinks, becomes dejected
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avasīd
Prefix: ava
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: From root sad, prefix ava.