मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-29, verse-46
वैश्वदेवं हि नामैतत् कुर्यात् सायं तथा दिने ।
मांसमन्नं तथा शाकं गृहे यच्चोपसाधितम् ।
न च तत् स्वयमश्नीयाद्विधिवद्यन्न निर्वपेत् ॥४६॥
मांसमन्नं तथा शाकं गृहे यच्चोपसाधितम् ।
न च तत् स्वयमश्नीयाद्विधिवद्यन्न निर्वपेत् ॥४६॥
46. vaiśvadevaṃ hi nāmaitat kuryāt sāyaṃ tathā dine .
māṃsamannaṃ tathā śākaṃ gṛhe yaccopasādhitam .
na ca tat svayamaśnīyādvidhivadyanna nirvapet.
māṃsamannaṃ tathā śākaṃ gṛhe yaccopasādhitam .
na ca tat svayamaśnīyādvidhivadyanna nirvapet.
46.
vaiśvadevam hi nāma etat kuryāt sāyam
tathā dine māṃsam annam tathā śākam
gṛhe yat ca upasādhitam na ca tat
svayam aśnīyāt vidhivat yat na nirvapet
tathā dine māṃsam annam tathā śākam
gṛhe yat ca upasādhitam na ca tat
svayam aśnīyāt vidhivat yat na nirvapet
46.
Indeed, this rite, known as Vaiśvadeva, should be performed both in the evening and during the day. Whatever meat, food, and vegetables are prepared in the house, one should not consume them oneself without having duly offered them according to the prescribed method.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वैश्वदेवम् (vaiśvadevam) - the Vaiśvadeva rite (a daily offering to all gods) (relating to all gods, the Vaiśvadeva rite)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
- नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, thus
- एतत् (etat) - this
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, perform
- सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, evening
- तथा (tathā) - so, thus, and, also
- दिने (dine) - in the day, during the day
- मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat
- अन्नम् (annam) - food, boiled rice
- तथा (tathā) - and, likewise
- शाकम् (śākam) - vegetable, herb
- गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house
- यत् (yat) - which, whatever
- च (ca) - and, also
- उपसाधितम् (upasādhitam) - prepared, cooked, accomplished
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and
- तत् (tat) - that
- स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself
- अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - one should eat, consume
- विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, duly, properly
- यत् (yat) - if, that which
- न (na) - not
- निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - one should offer, sacrifice
Words meanings and morphology
वैश्वदेवम् (vaiśvadevam) - the Vaiśvadeva rite (a daily offering to all gods) (relating to all gods, the Vaiśvadeva rite)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vaiśvadeva
vaiśvadeva - belonging to all gods, the Vaiśvadeva oblation/rite
Taddhita derivation from 'viśvadevas' (the all-gods), functioning as a noun for the ritual.
Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
(indeclinable)
नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, thus
(indeclinable)
Used as an indeclinable particle meaning 'known as' or 'namely'.
Note: Used with 'etat' to mean "this known as".
एतत् (etat) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
Note: Refers to the Vaiśvadeva rite.
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do, perform
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
optative
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Prescribes the action.
सायम् (sāyam) - in the evening, evening
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - so, thus, and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects "sāyam" and "dine".
दिने (dine) - in the day, during the day
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of dina
dina - day
Note: Time adverbial.
मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa
māṁsa - meat, flesh
Root: man
Note: Part of the list of things prepared.
अन्नम् (annam) - food, boiled rice
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anna
anna - food, boiled rice, grain
Past Passive Participle
Derived from verb root 'ad' (to eat) but functions as a noun.
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Part of the list of things prepared.
तथा (tathā) - and, likewise
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects items in the list.
शाकम् (śākam) - vegetable, herb
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śāka
śāka - vegetable, herb, pot-herb
Root: śak
Note: Part of the list of things prepared.
गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home
Root: gṛh
Note: Location where food is prepared.
यत् (yat) - which, whatever
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what
Note: Connects to 'upasādhitam'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
उपसाधितम् (upasādhitam) - prepared, cooked, accomplished
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upasādhita
upasādhita - prepared, cooked, furnished
Past Passive Participle
Derived from 'upa-sādh' (to prepare, accomplish).
Prefix: upa
Root: sādh (class 5)
Note: Participle modifying the list of foods.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the verb 'aśnīyāt'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the prohibition.
तत् (tat) - that
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that
Note: Refers to the prepared food.
स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes the subject.
अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - one should eat, consume
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of aś
optative
Root: aś (class 9)
Note: Expresses a prohibition in conjunction with 'na'.
विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, duly, properly
(indeclinable)
Derived from 'vidhi' (rule) + suffix '-vat'.
Note: Modifies 'nirvapet'.
यत् (yat) - if, that which
(indeclinable)
Relative particle, often used conditionally.
Note: Introduces a conditional clause.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'nirvapet'.
निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - one should offer, sacrifice
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nirvap
optative
Formed from 'nis-vap' (to scatter, to offer).
Prefix: nis
Root: vap (class 1)
Note: Implies the action of offering food in the Vaiśvadeva rite.